HOME
1100's
1200's
1300's
1200
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
Alfonso VIII of Castile
incorporates Alava and Guipuzcoa into Castile
Jews in Morocco given
privileges
Rise of Sultanate of Kilwa
Hunac Ceel revolts against
Maya of Chichen Itza and sets up new capital at Mayapan
Trouveres flourish in France
Minnesingers flourish in
Germany
Alleluya
Nativitas
Perotin
Viderunt omnes &
Sederunt
principes
Perotin
Sadi, Shiekh Musharrif
ud-din
1200-1292
Chu Hsi (Xhu
Xi)
1130-1200
Philosopher
(Sung China)
Hugh of
Lincoln
1140-1200
1201
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
FOURTH CRUSADE +
(1201-1204)
Humiliati Order founded
(quasi-mendicant)
Al Tusi, Nasir
Eddin
1201-1274
Leonin
1135-1201
(1163-1190?)
1202
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
FOURTH CRUSADE ...
(1201-1204)
Crusaders unable to pay
Venice for transport agree to conquer on its behalf
Famine in Egypt (-1204)
Canute VI
-
(Denmark)
Valdemar II
+
(Denmark)
Sejr
the Victorious
Sverre
-
(Norway)
Mieszko III the Old
-
(Polish
Kingdom)
Piast Dynasty
Ladislaus
+-
(Polish
Kingdom)
***** Piast Dynasty (Spindleshanks)
Leszek the White
+
(Polish
Kingdom)
Piast Dynasty
Joachim of
Fiore
1130-1202
Churchman/Intellectual
1203
Guardian Figure (Unkei /Kakei)
(Kamakura period)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR (BORGERKRIGSTIDA)
... (1130-1240)
FOURTH CRUSADE ...
(1201-1204)
John (Lackland?) orders the
murder of his nephew Arthur, Duke of Brittany
Sack of Ghana by Sumanguru
of Susu
Alexius III
-
(Byzantine
Empire)
(1195-1203)
Isaac II Angelus
+
(Byzantine
Empire)
(1203-1204)
Alexius IV
+
(Byzantine
Empire)
(1203-1204)
Dirk VII
-
(Holland)
Count
Ada
+
(Holland)
(-1204) Countess
Nizami
1140-1203
Poet
(Persia)
1204
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
FOURTH CRUSADE -
(1201-1204)
Crusaders sack
Constantinople - city pillaged for three days - Latin kingdom formed
(4/13)
Baldwin IX Count of Flanders
is elected Emperor of the Latin Empire (5/9)
Baldwin IX Count of Flanders
is crowned Baldwin I, Emperor of the Latin Empire (5/16)
Baldwin I's wife Marie dies
of the plague in Acre - sailing to see Baldwin she heard the news of
his
crowning (8)
--------------------------------------------------------
Philip II Augustus makes war
on John Lackland - John surrenders Normandy, Brittany, Anjou, Maine,
Touraine
Latin Empire of
Constantinople - Lascarid dynasty at Nicea (-1261)
Chinese Year of the Rat
Isaac II Angelus
-
(Byzantine
Empire)
(1203-)
Alexius IV
-
(Byzantine
Empire)
(1203-)
Alexius V Murtzuphlus +- (Byzantine
Empire)
*****
Baldwin I
+
(Latin
Empire)
(1204-1205)
Emperor
Theodore I Lascaris +
(Nicaean
Empire)
(1204-1221)
Emperor
Emeric
-
(Hungary)
King
Ladislaus III
+
(Hungary)
King
Haakon III Sverreson +-
(Norway)
*****
Inge Baardson
+
(Norway)
Ada
-
(Holland)
(1203-) Countess
William I
+
(Holland)
Count
Maimonides,
Moses
1135-1204
1205
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
Battle of Adrianople -
Bulgarians under Kaloyan defeat the Crusaders (Latin Empire)
under Baldwin I
(4/14)
Baldwin I dies in captivity
- news of it becomes known(7)
Henry of Flanders is crowned
Emperor of the Latin Empire (8/20)
--------------------------------------------------------
Innocent III sends Dominic
into Abligensian cities
Defeat of the Latin Empire
by the Bulgars
Ladislaus III
-
(Hungary)
King
Andrew II
+
(Hungary)
King
Amalric II of Cyprus
-
(Jerusalem)
(1197-)
11th King
John of Brienne +
(Jerusalem)
(-1229)
12th King
Baldwin I
-
(Latin
Empire)
(1204-1205)
Emperor
Henry I of Flanders
+ (Latin
Empire)
(1205-1216)
Emperor
Theodore I Lascaris ...
(Nicaean
Empire)
(1204-1221)
Emperor
Perotin
1160-1205
(1160-1238?) Composer
1206
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
Temujin unites Mongols as
Genghis Khan, "Emperor within the Seas"
Qutb-ud-din Aybak
assassinates Ghur - Slave Dynasty begins in India (Delhi Sultanate)
(-1290)
Joanna
+
(Flanders)
Countess
Henry I of Flanders
... (Latin
Empire)
(1205-1216)
Emperor
Theodore I Lascaris ...
(Nicaean
Empire)
(1204-1221)
Emperor
Genghis Khan
+
(Mongol
Empire)
(-1227)
Qutb-ud-din Aybak
+ (Slave
Dynasty)
(-1210) India
1207
Cantar de M o Cid
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
Pope Innocent III appoints
Stephen Langton Archbishop of Cantebury - John refuses to let him take
office
John Asen (Kaloyan)
-
(Bulgaria)
(1197-1207)
1st Emperor 2nd Bulgarian Empire
Henry I of Flanders
... (Latin
Empire)
(1205-1216)
Emperor
Theodore I Lascaris ...
(Nicaean
Empire)
(1204-1221)
Emperor
Rumi, Jalal
ad-din
1207-1273
Persian
Poet (Balkh)
Henry III
Plantagenet
1207-1272
King
of England
1208
The Patriarch Mujaku (Kamakura
Period) (Unkei)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
Philip of Swabia murdered
(6/21)
Otto IV submits to a new
election in Holy Roman Empire - wins over the princes (11)
-------------------------------------------------------------
Pope Innocent III lays
England under interdict
Albigensian Crusade in
France (-1213)
Philip of Swabia - (Holy
Roman Empire)
(1198-) Hohenstaufen Dynasty (4th) (murdered)
Otto IV
-
(Holy
Roman Empire)
(1198-) Guelph antiking
Otto IV
+
(Holy
Roman Empire)
(-1215) Guelph emperor
Sverker the Younger -
(Sweden)
(1196-) House
of Sverker and Erik (Karlsson)
Erik X
+
(Sweden)
(-1216) House
of Sverker and Erik (Knutsson)
Henry I of Flanders
... (Latin
Empire)
(1205-1216)
Emperor
Theodore I Lascaris ...
(Nicaean
Empire)
(1204-1221)
Emperor
1209
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
ALBIGENSIAN CRUSADE +
(1209-1229)
Pope Innocent III
excommunicates John Lackland for attacks on Church property
Diploma of Speyer - Otto IV
again comfirms the papacy's rights to the Papal States
(3)
Diploma of Speyer - Otto IV
promises aid in upholding papal suzerainty over
Sicily
(3)
Diploma of Speyer - Otto IV
concedes the freedom of episcopal elections
(3)
Diploma of Speyer - Otto IV
concedes the unrestricted right of appeal to the
pope
(3)
Otto IV crowned emperor of
HRE - reverts to Hohenstaufen policy of dominance over Italy (10)
----------------------------------------------------------------
Francis of Assisi founds the
Franciscan Order (mendicant)
(1210)
Cambridge University founded
Henry I of Flanders
... (Latin
Empire)
(1205-1216)
Emperor
Theodore I Lascaris ...
(Nicaean
Empire)
(1204-1221)
Emperor
1210
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
ALBIGENSIAN CRUSADE ...
(1209-1229)
Otto IV seizes lands left to
the Church by Matilda of Tuscany
Otto IV invades Apulia and
prepares to attack Sicily
Pope Innocent III
excommunicates Emperor Otto IV
Mongols under Genghis Khan
begin invasion of China
Leszek the White
-
(Polish
Kingdom)
Piast Dynasty
Mieszko the Stumbling + (Polish
Kingdom)
Piast Dynasty
Henry I of Flanders
... (Latin
Empire)
(1205-1216)
Emperor
Theodore I Lascaris ...
(Nicaean
Empire)
(1204-1221)
Emperor
Qutb-ud-din Aybak
- (Slave
Dynasty)
(1206-) India
Aram Shah
+
(Slave
Dynasty)
(-1211) India
1211
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
ALBIGENSIAN CRUSADE ...
(1209-1229)
Frederick II is elected King
of Germany in absentia by Diet of Nuremberg (9)
Mieszko the Stumbling
- (Polish
Kingdom)
Piast Dynasty
Leszek the White
+
(Polish
Kingdom)
Piast Dynasty
Henry I of Flanders
... (Latin
Empire)
(1205-1216)
Emperor
Theodore I Lascaris ...
(Nicaean
Empire)
(1204-1221)
Emperor
Aram Shah
-
(Slave
Dynasty)
(1210-) India
Shams ud din Iltutmish + (Slave
Dynasty)
(-1236) India
Sancho I
-
(Portugal)
House
of Burgundy
Alfonso II the Fat
+
(Portugal)
King
(House of Burgundy)
1212
First Figure Group - Reims Cathedral
(1212-1233)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
ALBIGENSIAN CRUSADE ...
(1209-1229)
Battle of Navas de Tolosa -
Alfonso VIII/Sancho VII/Alfonso II/Pedro II defeat Almohades (7/16)
Frederick II crowned king of
the Germans at Mainz - Hohanstaufen against a Guelph (Otto IV) (12/12)
---------------------------------------------------------
Children's Crusade - 30,000
children from France and Germany set off for Palestine - 1000s sold
into
slavery
First University in Spain
founded at Palencia by Alfonso VIII of Castile (1212-1214)
Frederick II
+
(German
Kingdom)
(1211-1220)
Hohenstaufen
(5th)
Vsevolod
-
(Vladimir/Suzdal)
Grand
Duke
Konstantin
+
(Vladimir)
Grand
Duke
Ferdinand
+
(Flanders)
Count
(from Portugal)
Henry I of Flanders
... (Latin
Empire)
(1205-1216)
Emperor
Theodore I Lascaris ...
(Nicaean
Empire)
(1204-1221)
Emperor
1213
Alhambra construction begins
(1213-1388)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
ALBIGENSIAN CRUSADE ...
(1209-1229)
Pope Innocent declares John
Lackland deposed - John hurriedly makes peace
Frederick II
...
("German
Kingdom")
(1211-1250)
Hohenstaufen
(5th)
Muhammed an-Nasir
-
(Almohade
Dynasty)
(1198-1213)
Caliph
Yusuf II
+
(Almohade
Dynasty)
(1213-1224)
Caliph
Pedro II
-
(Aragon)
(1196-)King
James I
+
(Aragon)
(-1276) King
(the Conqueror)
Henry I of Flanders
... (Latin
Empire)
(1205-1216)
Emperor
Theodore I Lascaris ...
(Nicaean
Empire)
(1204-1221)
Emperor
1214
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
ALBIGENSIAN CRUSADE ...
(1209-1229)
Battle of the Bouvines -
Philip II (Ghibellines) defeats John, Otto IV, & count of
Flanders
(Guelphs) - (7/27)
Battle of the Bouvines -
confirms French possession of the Angevin lands north of the Loire
(7/27)
William the Lion -
(Scotland)
King
(younger brother of Malcolm IV)
Alexander II
+
(Scotland)
Frederick II
...
("German
Kingdom")
(1211-1250)
Hohenstaufen
(5th) c
Alfonso VIII
-
(Castile)
(1158-)
Henry I
+
(Castile)
(-1217)
Henry I of Flanders
... (Latin
Empire)
(1205-1216)
Emperor
Theodore I Lascaris ...
(Nicaean
Empire)
(1204-1221)
Emperor
Bacon,
Roger
1214-1292
Alfonso
VIII
1155-1214
King
of Castile
1215
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
ALBIGENSIAN CRUSADE ...
(1209-1229)
FIRST BARON'S WAR +
(1215-1217)
Magna Carta in England -
barons force John Lackland to agree to a statement of their rights
Louis VIII's 1st campaign
against the Albigenses
Frederick II recrowned King
of the Germans at Aachen - he takes the Cross
Fourth Lateran Council -
yellow badge
Fourth Lateran Council -
Gothic practice of trial by ordeal condemned
St. Dominic founds the
Dominican Order of preaching friars at Toulouse (mendicant)
Otto
IV
-
(Holy
Roman Empire)
(1209-) Guelph emperor
Henry I of Flanders
... (Latin
Empire)
(1205-1216)
Emperor
Theodore I Lascaris ...
(Nicaean
Empire)
(1204-1221)
Emperor
1216
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
ALBIGENSIAN CRUSADE ...
(1209-1229)
FIRST BARON'S WAR ...
(1215-1217)
Henry I of Flanders, Emperor
of the Latin Empire is poisoned by his Bulgarian wife Maria, dies (6/11)
Henry III becomes king of
England at age nine
Philip II Augustus sends son
Louis VIII to invade England
Frederick II promises that
when crowned emperor he would separate Sicily from the empire -
reversed 1220
John Lackland
-
(England)
(1199-) King
(youngest son of Henry II)
Henry III
+
(England)
(1216-1272)
King
in his own right 1227
Erik X
-
(Sweden)
(1208-) House
of Sverker and Erik (Knutsson)
John I
+
(Sweden)
House
of Sverker and Erik (Johan Sverkersson)
Frederick II
...
(German
Kingdom)
(1211-1250)
Hohenstaufen
(5th)
Henry I of Flanders
- (Latin
Empire)
(1205-1216)
Emperor
Theodore I Lascaris ...
(Nicaean
Empire)
(1204-1221)
Emperor
Innocent
III
-
(Patriarchate of Rome)
(1198-1216)
Honorius III
+
(Patriarchate of Rome)
(1216-1227)
1217
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
ALBIGENSIAN CRUSADE ...
(1209-1229)
FIFTH CRUSADE +
(1217-1221)
FIRST BARON'S WAR -
(1215-1217)
Coronation of Stephen I as
Czar of Serbia
Fifth Crusade against Egypt
fails (-1222)
Mongols conquer Tarim Basin
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
King
in his own right 1227
Henry I
-
(Castile)
(1214-)
Berangaria
+-
(Castile)
*****
Ferdinand III
+
(Castile)
the
Saint
Inge Baardson
-
(Norway)
Haakon IV
+
(Norway)
Frederick II
...
("German
Kingdom")
(1211-1250)
Hohenstaufen
(5th)
Theodore I Lascaris ...
(Nicaean
Empire)
(1204-1221)
Emperor
1218
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
ALBIGENSIAN CRUSADE ...
(1209-1229)
FIFTH CRUSADE ... (1217-1221)
Rudolf I Hapsburg is born to
Albert I, Count of Hapsburg and Hedwig of Kyburg (5/1)
Zenith of the Second
Bulgarian Empire under John II Asen
Genghis Khan conquers Persia
Ganghis Khan conquers
Kara-Khitan Khanate
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
King
in his own right 1227
Frederick II
...
("German
Kingdom")
(1211-1250)
Hohenstaufen
(5th)
Konstantin
-
(Vladimir)
Grand
Duke
Yuri II
+
(Vladimir)
Grand
Duke
John II Asen
+
(Bulgaria)
King
Asen Dynasty
Theodore I Lascaris ...
(Nicaean
Empire)
(1204-1221)
Emperor
Otto
IV
1175-1218
Emperor
(HRE)
1219
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
ALBIGENSIAN CRUSADE ...
(1209-1229)
FIFTH CRUSADE ... (1217-1221)
MONGOL INVASION OF
KHWAREZMIA + (1219-1221)
Louis VIII's 2nd campaign
against the Albigenses - prepares the annexation of S France by Louis IX
Egyptian Crusade I
Mongols conquer Bokhara
Hojo clan rules Japan
following end of Minamoto family (-1333)
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
King
in his own right 1227
Theodore I Lascaris ...
(Nicaean
Empire)
(1204-1221)
Emperor
1220
Crucifix (Berlinghieri Family)
Pentecost Illumination -
Ingeborg Psalter
Visitation - West front,
Reims Cathedral
Chartres Cathedral
rebuilding completed
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
ALBIGENSIAN CRUSADE ...
(1209-1229)
FIFTH CRUSADE ...
(1217-1221)
MONGOL INVASION OF
KHWAREZMIA ... (1219-1221)
Frederick II is crowned Holy
Roman Emperor (11/22)
Mongols conquer Samarkand
Mongol invasion of
Khwarezmian Empire
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
King
in his own right 1227
Frederick II ...+ (Germany)(Holy
Roman
Empire)(Sicily)
(1211-1250)
Emperor (Hohenstaufen)
(5th)
Theodore I Lascaris ...
(Nicaean
Empire)
(1204-1221)
Emperor
Hillel of
Verona
1220-1295
William of
Rubruck
c.1220-c1293
Francisc. Missionary/Explorer (Flanders)
1221
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
ALBIGENSIAN CRUSADE ...
(1209-1229)
FIFTH CRUSADE -
(1217-1221)
MONGOL INVASION OF
KHWAREZMIA - (1219-1221)
Mongols ravage Persia
Mongols conquer West
Turkestan and Afghanistan
Ghengis Khan destroys Old
Urgench
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
King
in his own right 1227
Frederick II ...
(Germany)(Holy
Roman
Empire)(Sicily)
(1211-1250)
Emperor (Hohenstaufen)
(5th)
Theodore I Lascaris
- (Nicaean
Empire)
(1204-1221)
Emperor
Alfonso X of
Castille
1221-1284
Bonaventure
1221-1274
Guzman, Domingo
de
1170-1221
1222
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
ALBIGENSIAN CRUSADE ...
(1209-1229)
Genghiz Khan raids India
Singosari founded (Java)
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
King
in his own right 1227
Frederick II ...
(Germany)(Holy
Roman
Empire)(Sicily)
(1211-1250)
Emperor (Hohenstaufen)
(5th)
Theodore I Lascaris
- (Byzantine
Empire)
(1204-)
John III Ducas Vatatzes + (Byzantine
Empire)
(-1254)
John I
-
(Sweden)
House
of Sverker and Erik (Johan Sverkersson)
Erik XI
+
(Sweden)
(1222-1229)1st H.
Sverker and Erik (Eriksson)
1223
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
ALBIGENSIAN CRUSADE ...
(1209-1229)
MONGOL INVASION OF VOLGA
BULGARIA + (1223-1236)
Battle of Kalka River -
Mongols defeat the Russian princes & Cumans in southern Russia -
return to
Asia (5/31)
--------------------------------------------------------
Albertus Magnus joins the
Dominicans
Mongols first invade western
Europe (Russia)
Erik XI
...
(Sweden)
(1222-1229)1st H.
Sverker and Erik (Eriksson)
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
King
in his own right 1227
Philip II Augustus
-
(France)
(1180-) King
Louis VIII le Lion
+
(France)
(-1226) King
Frederick II ...
(Germany)(Holy
Roman
Empire)(Sicily)
(1211-1250)
Emperor (Hohenstaufen)
(5th)
Abou Yacoub
-
(Almohade
Sultanate)
(1213-)
Abou Malik
+
(Almohade
Sultanate)
(-1225)
Alfonso II the Fat
-
(Portugal)
King
(House of Burgundy)
Sancho II
+
(Portugal)
House
of Burgundy
Philip II
Augustus
1165-1223
King
of France
1224
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
ALBIGENSIAN CRUSADE ...
(1209-1229)
MONGOL INVASION OF VOLGA
BULGARIA ... (1223-1236)
War between France and
England (-1227)
Vassal chieftancy sacks
Ghanaian captial and enslaves the ruling family
University of Naples founded
by Frederick II
Erik XI
...
(Sweden)
(1222-1229)1st H.
Sverker and Erik (Eriksson)
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
King
in his own right 1227
William I
-
(Holland)
Count
Floris IV
+
(Holland)
Count
Frederick II ...
(Germany)(Holy
Roman
Empire)(Sicily)
(1211-1250)
Emperor (Hohenstaufen)
(5th)
1225
The last Judgement -
Cathedral of Notre Dame, Paris (1225-1230)
Reims Cathedral construction
starts
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
ALBIGENSIAN CRUSADE ...
(1209-1229)
MONGOL INVASION OF VOLGA
BULGARIA ... (1223-1236)
Frederick II marries
Yolande, daughter of John of Brienne - Frederick II claims the crown of
Jerusalem
Erik XI
...
(Sweden)
(1222-1229)1st H.
Sverker and Erik (Eriksson)
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
King
in his own right 1227
Frederick II ...
(Germany)(Holy
Roman
Empire)(Sicily)
(1211-1250)
Emperor (Hohenstaufen)
(5th)
al-Nasir
-
(Abbasid
Caliphate)
(1180-) 34th Abbasid Caliph
al-Zahir
+
(Abbasid
Caliphate)
(-1226) 35th Abbasid Caliph
Abou Malik
(Almohade
Sultanate)
(1223-)
Mamoun
+
(Almohade
Sultanate)
Aquinas,
Thomas
1225-1274
Churchman/Philosopher
Pisano,
Nicola
1225-1278
1226
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
ALBIGENSIAN CRUSADE ... (1209-1229)
MONGOL INVASION OF VOLGA
BULGARIA ... (1223-1236)
Diet of Cremona - Frederick
II reasserts imperial claim to Lombardy
Lombard League immediately
revived on news of Frederick II's claim to Lombardy
Erik XI
...
(Sweden)
(1222-1229)1st H.
Sverker and Erik (Eriksson)
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
King
in his own right 1227
Louis VIII le Lion
-
(France)
(1223-) King
Louis IX (St. Louis)
+
(France)
(-1270) King
Frederick II ...
(Germany)(Holy
Roman
Empire)(Sicily)
(1211-1250)
Emperor (Hohenstaufen)
(5th)
al-Zahir
-
(Abbasid
Caliphate)
(1225-) 35th Abbasid Caliph
al-Mustansir
+
(Abbasid
Caliphate)
(1226-1242)
36th Abbasid
Caliph
St. Francis of
Assisi
1182-1226
1227
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
ALBIGENSIAN CRUSADE ...
(1209-1229)
MONGOL INVASION OF VOLGA
BULGARIA ... (1223-1236)
WESTERN XIA -
Genghis Khan dies - his
empire divides among his sons (8/18)
Frederick II embarks on
crusade at the insistent demand of the new pope Gregory IX (9)
--------------------------------------------------------
Henry III begins personal
rule in England
Frederick II falls ill and
turns back from crusade - Gregory IX excommunicates him
Mongols conquer Hsi-hsia
Erik XI
...
(Sweden)
(1222-1229)1st H.
Sverker and Erik (Eriksson)
Henry III
...+
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Frederick II ...
(Germany)(Holy
Roman
Empire)(Sicily)
(1211-1250)
Emperor (Hohenstaufen)
(5th)
Genghis Khan
-
(Mongol)
(1206-1227)
1st
Great Khan
Leszek the White
-
(Polish
Kingdom)
Piast Dynasty
Ladislaus Spindleshanks +
(Polish
Kingdom)
Piast Dynasty
al-Mustansir
+
(Abbasid
Caliphate)
(1226-1242)
36th Abbasid Caliph
Honorius
III
-
(Patriarchate of Rome)
(1216-1227)
Gregory IX
+
(Patriarchate of Rome)
(1227-1241)
Genghis
Khan
1167-1227
1228
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
ALBIGENSIAN CRUSADE ...
(1209-1229)
MONGOL INVASION OF VOLGA
BULGARIA ... (1223-1236)
SIXTH CRUSADE +
(1228-1229)
Sixth Crusade - Frederick II
leads campaign - actually a "state visit" - a diplomatic victory
Treaty of Jaffa - Frederick
II and Crusaders gain Jerusalem, Nazareth, and Bethlehem
Treaty of Jaffa - Mosque of
Omar left to the Moslems
Crusaders capture Jerusalem
Teutonic Knights begin
conquering Prussia
Livonian Confederation forms
from five small states by Papal Legate William of Modena (-1560)
Erik XI
...
(Sweden)
(1222-1229)1st H.
Sverker and Erik (Eriksson)
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
al-Mustansir
...
(Abbasid
Caliphate)
(1226-1242)
36th Abbasid
Caliph
Conrad
IV
1228-1254
Emperor
(HRE)
1229
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ... (680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
ALBIGENSIAN CRUSADE -
(1209-1229)
MONGOL INVASION OF VOLGA
BULGARIA ... (1223-1236)
SIXTH CRUSADE -
(1228-1229)
Ten Year Truce - al- Kamil
and Frederick II sign, ends Sixth Crusade (2/18)
James I of Aragon begins
conquest of Balearic Islands (-1235)
Peace of Paris
Frederick II crowned King at
Jerusalem
Pope Gregory IX denounces
Treaty of Jaffa (Moslems soon violate it)
Pope Gregory IX sends papal
army to invade Frederick II's kingdom
Frederick II returns from
Holy Land
University of Toulouse
established
Erik XI
-
(Sweden)
(1222-1229)1st H.
Sverker and Erik
Canute II
+
(Sweden)
(1229-1234)
H.
Sverker and Erik (Lange)
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Ladislaus Spindleshanks -
(Polish
Kingdom)
Piast Dynasty
Conrad of Mazovia
+ (Polish
Kingdom)
Piast Dynasty
John of Brienne
-
(Jerusalem)
(1205-)
12th King
Frederick II
...
(Jerusalem)(Sicily)(HRE)
(1211-1250)
King
(Hohenstaufen)
Ogadai
+
(Mongol)
(-1241) Great
Khan (son of Genghis)
al-Mustansir
...
(Abbasid
Caliphate)
(1226-1242)
36th Abbasid
Caliph
Yaqut
????-1229
Geographer
1230
Notre Dame nave reconstructed
and flying buttresses added
Alhambra construction begins
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
MONGOL INVASION OF VOLGA
BULGARIA ... (1223-1236)
Castile unites with Leon
Treaty of San Germano -
Frederick II makes important concessions to Pope Gregory IX
Battle of Klokotnica -
Epirus defeated
Accession of Sun Dyata of
Mali
Canute II
...
(Sweden)
(1229-1234)
H.
Sverker and Erik (Lange)
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Sundiata
+
(Mali)
Alfonso IX
-
(Leon)
Leopold VI
-
(Austria)
Duke
The Glorious
Frederick II
+
(Austria)
Duke
The Fighter
Ottokar I
-
(Bohemia)
Premyslid
King
Wenceslaus II
+
(Bohemia)
Premyslid
King (Wenzel)
al-Mustansir
...
(Abbasid
Caliphate)
(1226-1242)
36th Abbasid
Caliph
Carmina Burana
Germany
Vogelweide, Walter von
der
1170-1230
Composer
1231
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
MONGOL INVASION OF VOLGA
BULGARIA ... (1223-1236)
Frederick issues the Liber
Augustalis - a new body of laws for Sicily
Liber Augustalis - humanized
penal law and rationalized procedure
Canute II
...
(Sweden)
(1229-1234)
H.
Sverker and Erik (Lange)
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
al-Mustansir
...
(Abbasid
Caliphate)
(1226-1242)
36th Abbasid
Caliph
1232
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
MONGOL INVASION OF VOLGA
BULGARIA ... (1223-1236)
Earliest known use of
rockets in war between Mongols and Chinese
Canute II
...
(Sweden)
(1229-1234)
H.
Sverker and Erik (Lange)
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Conrad of Mazovia
-
(Polish
Kingdom)
Piast Dynasty
Henry I the Bearded +
(Polish
Kingdom)
Piast Dynasty
al-Mustansir
...
(Abbasid
Caliphate)
(1226-1242)
36th Abbasid
Caliph
1233
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
MONGOL INVASION OF VOLGA
BULGARIA ... (1223-1236)
Gregory IX establishes
medieval inquisition to stamp out Albigensianism
Canute II
...
(Sweden)
(1229-1234)
H.
Sverker and Erik (Lange)
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Ferdinand
-
(Flanders)
Count
(from Portugal)
Thomas
+
(Flanders)
Count
(from Savoy)
al-Mustansir
...
(Abbasid
Caliphate)
(1226-1242)
36th Abbasid
Caliph
1234
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
MONGOL INVASION OF VOLGA
BULGARIA ... (1223-1236)
JIN -
Henry rebels against his
father Frederick II
Mongols annex the Chin
Empire in China
Sunjata, a Ghanaian royal
hostage and magician overthrows the usurper of 1224 - founds Mali
Empire
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Sancho VI
-
(Navarre)
the
Strong
Teobaldo I
+
(Navarre)
Canute II
-
(Sweden)
(1229-1234)
H.
Sverker and Erik (Lange)
Erik XI
+
(Sweden)
(1234-1250)2nd
H. Sverker and Erik
al-Mustansir
...
(Abbasid
Caliphate)
(1226-1242)
36th Abbasid
Caliph
1235
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR (BORGERKRIGSTIDA)
... (1130-1240)
MONGOL INVASION OF VOLGA
BULGARIA ... (1223-1236)
Frederick II easily deposes
and imprisons his son Henry
Diet of Mainz - "Land
Peace" of Frederick II - a towering monument of imperial legislation
Battle of Kirina - Mandinka
Prince Sundiata Keita defeats Sosso King Sumanguru Kant
Erik XI
...
(Sweden)
(1234-1250)2nd
H. Sverker and Erik
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Andrew II
-
(Hungary)
King
Bela IV
+
(Hungary)
King
Floris IV
-
(Holland)
Count
William II
+
(Holland)
Count
al-Mustansir
...
(Abbasid
Caliphate)
(1226-1242)
36th Abbasid
Caliph
Sundiata Keita
+
(Mali)
(-1255) King
Lull,
Raymond
1235-1315
Siger of
Brabant
1235-1282
Kimhi, David
(Redak)
1160-1235
1236
Second Figure Group - Reims
Cathedral (1236-1260)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
MONGOL INVASION OF VOLGA
BULGARIA - (1223-1236)
Frederick II launches a
successful campaign against the Lombard cities
Christians capture Cordoba
Erik XI
...
(Sweden)
(1234-1250)2nd
H. Sverker and Erik
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Alexander Nevski
+
(Novgorod)
Prince
al-Mustansir
...
(Abbasid
Caliphate)
(1226-1242)
36th Abbasid
Caliph
Shams ud din Iltutmish
- (Slave
Dynasty)
(1211-) India
Rukn ud din Firuz
+-
(Slave
Dynasty)
***** India
Raziyyat ud din Sultana + (Slave
Dynasty)
(-1240) India
De Coincy,
Gautier
1177-1236
1237
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
MONGOL INVASION OF RUS +
(1237-1240)
Conrad IV elected King of
the Romans at Vienna after the deposition of his brother Henry
Archbishop Siegfried II of
Mainz acts as regent for Conrad IV (-1241)
Batu Khan burns Karaysk
First record of Colln (half
of Berlin)
Erik XI
...
(Sweden)
(1234-1250)2nd
H. Sverker and Erik
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Conrad IV
+
(German
Kingdom)
(-1254) King Hohenstaufen (6th)
al-Mustansir
...
(Abbasid
Caliphate)
(1226-1242)
36th Abbasid
Caliph
1238
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
MONGOL INVASION OF RUS ...
(1237-1240)
James I of Aragon conquers
Valencia
Mongols take Moscow
Erik XI
...
(Sweden)
(1234-1250)2nd
H. Sverker and Erik
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Mamoun
-
(Almohade
Sultanate)
Mahommed I
+
(Granada)
Yuri II
-
(Vladimir)
Grand
Duke
Yaroslav II
+
(Vladimir)
Grand
Duke
Henry I the Bearded
- (Polish
Kingdom)
Piast Dynasty
Henry II the Pious
+
(Polish
Kingdom)
Piast Dynasty
al-Mustansir
...
(Abbasid
Caliphate)
(1226-1242)
36th Abbasid
Caliph
Halle, Adam de
la
1238-1287
Composer
1239
Ganesha (Bara) (1161 India?)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) ... (1130-1240)
MONGOL INVASION OF RUS ...
(1237-1240)
Pope Gregory IX allies with
the Lombards against Frederick II and excommunicates him (3)
Erik XI
...
(Sweden)
(1234-1250)2nd
H. Sverker and Erik
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Edward I
Plantagenet
1239-1307
King
of England
1240
Chartres Cathedral begins
reconstruction
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
NORWEGIAN CIVIL WAR
(BORGERKRIGSTIDA) - (1130-1240)
MONGOL INVASION OF RUS -
(1237-1240)
Battle of the Neva -
Alexander Nevski defeats the Swedes (7/15)
Skule Bardsson's rebellion
in Norway fails - end of the Norwegian Civil War
Raziyyat ud din Sultana
murdered by the "Forty" - only woman to rule Delhi
End of Empire of Ghana -
incorporated into the Kingdom of Mali
Mongols capture Moscow
Mongols destroy Kiev
Erik XI
...
(Sweden)
(1234-1250)2nd
H. Sverker and Erik
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
al-Mustansir
...
(Abbasid
Caliphate)
(1226-1242)
36th Abbasid
Caliph
Raziyyat ud din Sultana
- (Slave
Dynasty)
(1236-)
Muiz ud din Bahram +
(Slave
Dynasty)
(-1242)
Motet becomes important
polyphonic composition
Sumer canon
Arnold of
Villanova
1240-1313
Franco of Cologne
1240-1280
Musician
Pepo, Cenni di
(Cimabue)
1240-1302
Fibonacci,
Leonardo
1170-1240
1241
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
MONGOL INVASION OF EUROPE
+ (1241-1242)
Battle of Legnica - Mongol
victory against Polish/German in Silesia - Henry II Pious is
beheaded (4/9)
Battle of Mohi - Mongol
victory in Hungary (4/11)
Frederick II captures a
general council en route from Genoa to Rome (5)
Frederick II at the gates of
Rome when Pope Gregory IX dies (8/22)
--------------------------------------------------------
Henry Raspe acts as regent
to Conrad IV at the death of Archbishop Siegfried II of Mainz
Mongol sack of the Second
Bulgarian Empire
Mongol sack of Poland
Wenceslaus defends Moravia
from Mongol invasion under Batu Khan
Ogedai Khan dies
Mongols withdraw from Europe
following the death of Ogadai Khan
Erik XI
...
(Sweden)
(1234-1250)2nd
H. Sverker and Erik
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Valdemar II
-
(Denmark)
Sejr
the Victorious
Eric IV
+
(Denmark)
the
Plowpenny
John Asen II
-
(Bulgaria)
King
Asen Dynasty
Kaliman I
+
(Bulgaria)
King
Asen Dynasty
Henry II the Pious
-
(Duchy
of
Wroclaw)
Piast Dynasty (killed in Battle)
Conrad of Mazovia
+ (Polish
Kingdom)
Piast Dynasty
al-Mustansir
...
(Abbasid
Caliphate)
(1226-1242)
36th Abbasid
Caliph
Ogadai
-
(Mongol)
(1229-) Great
Khan (son of Genghis)
Gregory IX
-
(Patriarchate of Rome)
(1227-1241)
Celestine IV
+-
(Patriarchate of Rome) *****
Sturluson,
Snorri
1179-1241
1242
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
MONGOL INVASION OF EUROPE
- (1241-1242)
Battle of Lake Peipus
(Battle of the Ice)- Alexander Nevski defeats the Teutonic Knights (4/5)
--------------------------------------------------------
Batu Khan establishes Mongol
kingdom of the "Golden Horde" on lower Volga River (southern Russia)
Erik XI
...
(Sweden)
(1234-1250)2nd
H. Sverker and Erik
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
al-Mustansir
-
(Abbasid
Caliphate)
(1226-1242)
36th Abbasid
Caliph
al-Musta'sim
+
(Abbasid
Caliphate)
(-1258) 37th Abbasid Caliph (executed)
Muiz ud din Bahram
- (Slave
Dynasty)
(1240-) India
Ala ud din Masud
+
(Slave
Dynasty)
(-1246) India
Batu
+
(Golden
Horde)
lower Volga
1243
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
Siege of Viterbo - Cardinal
Ranieri has imperial troops slaughtered even after they were to be
removed
(11/13)
--------------------------------------------------------
Frederick II offers sweeping
concessions to Pope Innocent IV and his allies - but the agreement is
delayed
Egyptians capture Jerusalem
from the Christians
Battle of Kosedagh - Genghis
Khan defeats Seljuks - Anatolia under Mongol suzerainty.
Erik XI
...
(Sweden)
(1234-1250)2nd
H. Sverker and Erik
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Conrad of Mazovia
-
(Polish
Kingdom)
Piast Dynasty
Boleslaus the Chaste + (Polish
Kingdom)
Piast Dynasty
Innocent IV
+
(Patriarchate
of
Rome)
(1243-1254)
Rome
1244
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
First record of Berlin
Pope Innocent IV flees to
Lyons
Jerusalem falls to wandering
band of Khwarezmians (Malik al-Muattam) with tacit support of
Ayyubids in
Cairo
Erik XI
...
(Sweden)
(1234-1250)2nd
H. Sverker and Erik
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Joanna
-
(Flanders)
Countess
Thomas
-
(Flanders)
Count
(from Savoy)
Margaret
+
(Flanders)
Countess
Frederick II -(++)
(Jerusalem)(Sicily)(HRE)
(1229-) King
(Hohenstaufen)
1245
Notre Dame towers completed
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
I Lyons Council - Pope
Innocent IV and council declare Frederick II deposed
I Lyons Council - Pope
Innocent IV gives enemies of Frederick II the privileges of Crusaders
Erik XI
...
(Sweden)
(1234-1250)2nd
H. Sverker and Erik
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Sancho II
-
(Portugal)
House
of Burgundy
Alfonso III
+
(Portugal)
House
of Burgundy
Alexander of
Hales
1185-1245
1246
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
Election of Henry Raspe as
antiking at behest of Pope Innocent IV plunges Germany into disorder
Election of antiking Conrad
IV(s. Frederick II) plunges Germany into civil war
Austria to the Empire
(-1248)
Erik XI
...
(Sweden)
(1234-1250)2nd
H. Sverker and Erik
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Henry Raspe
+
(Holy
Roman
Empire)
antiking
Conrad IV
+
(Holy
Roman
Empire)
antiking
Frederick II
-
(Austria)
Duke
The Fighter
Yaroslav II
-
(Vladimir)
Grand
Duke
Andrey
+
(Vladimir)
Grand
Duke
Kaliman I
-
(Bulgaria)
King
Asen Dynasty
Michael Asen
+
(Bulgaria)
King
Asen Dynasty
Ala ud din Masud
-
(Slave
Dynasty)
(1242-) India
Nasir ud din Mahmud + (Slave
Dynasty)
(-1266) India
1247
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
Disorder in Germany
increases after William, Count of Holland, becomes antiking on Raspe's
death
Hesse emerges as a
landgraviate immediately subject to the HRE under a branch of the house
of
Brabant
War between Frederick II and
papal allies in Italy (-1250)
Erik XI
...
(Sweden)
(1234-1250)2nd
H. Sverker and Erik
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Henry Raspe
-
(Holy
Roman
Empire)
antiking
William
+
(Holy
Roman Empire)
antiking count of Holland
1248
Cologne Cathedral begins
construction
Sainte-Chapelle in Paris
begins construction
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
SEVENTH CRUSADE +
(1248-1254)
Battle of Parma - Frederick
II's forces are routed by Guelphs while he is away at a hunting
party (2/18)
Egyptain Crusade II (Seventh
Crusade) - Louis IX leads campaign (-1270)
William II becomes king of
Germany (Holy Roman Empire)
Almohads loses city of
Seville to Christians
Erik XI
...
(Sweden)
(1234-1250)2nd
H. Sverker and Erik
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Herman von Baden
+
(Austria)
Duke
Dies irae
Thomas
of Celano
1249
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
SEVENTH CRUSADE ...
(1248-1254)
Battle of Fossalta -
Ghibelline forces under Enzio, K. of Sardinia are defeated
by Guelphs
(Bologna) (5/26)
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Erik XI
...
(Sweden)
(1234-1250)2nd
H. Sverker and Erik
Alexander II
-
(Scotland)
Alexander III
+
(Scotland)
Erik Eriksson
-
(Sweden)
House
of Sverker and Erik
1250
Sicilian School of Poetry
(Frederick II's Court)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
SEVENTH CRUSADE ...
(1248-1254)
Erik XI King of Sweden dies
(2/2)
Battle of Al Mansurah -
French Crusader victory over Ayyubid army under Emir Fakr-ed-din (2/8)
Battle of Fariskur - Ayyubid
forces defeat French crusading army under Louis IX - captured (4/6)
Louis IX King of France is
released by Egyptains after giving up Damietta and paying 1 million
dinars
(4/30)
Eric IV Plovpenning King of
Denmark dies (9)
Frederick II dies of dysentery
at Castel Fiorentino in Puglia - death knell fro the Hohenstaufen dynasty (12/13)
--------------------------------------------------------
Battle of Cingoli - HRE
defeats Guelphs/Papal alliance
Beginning of the HR imperial
interregnum (-1273)
Conrad IV declared Holy
Roman Emperor (-1254)
Anarchy in Austria - several
claimants to the throne (-1253)
Saracens capture Louis IX in
Egypt and hold him for ramsome
Rise of Mamluk sultanate in
Egypt and Syria (-1260)
Gun first used around this
time
Erik XI
-
(Sweden)
(1234-1250)2nd
H. Sverker and Erik
Valdemar I
+
(Sweden)
(1250-1275)
H.
Folkung (Birgersson)
Birger Jarl
+
(Sweden)
(1250-1266)
Regent
(H. Bjelbo)
Haakon IV
...
(Norway)
(1217-1263)
King
Eric IV
-
(Denmark)
(1241-1250)
King the
Plowpenny
Abel
+
(Denmark)
(1250-1252)
King
Alexander III
...
(Scotland)
(1249-1286)
King
Llywelyn the Last
...
(Gwynedd)
(1246-1282)
Prince
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right
1227
Walter de Gray
...
(Archbishopric
of
York)
(1216-1255)
Archbishop
Boniface of Savoy
...
(Archbishopric
of Canterbury)
(1240-1270)
Archbishop
Margaret II
...
(Flanders)
(1244-1278)
Countess
Louis IX
...
(France)
(1226-1270)
King
(Capetian)
John I
...
(Brittany)
(1237-1286)
Duke
Hugh II
...
(Angouleme)
(1249-1260)
Count
Hugh IV
...
(Burgundy)
(1218-1271)
Duke
Alfonso III
...
(Portugal)
(1248-1279)
King
Ferdinand III
...
(Castile)(Leon)
(1217-1252)
King
Theobald I
...
(Navarre)
(1234-1253)
King
James I
...
(Aragon)
(1213-1276)
King
Muhammed I ibn Alhamar ...
(Granada)
(1232-1273)
Sultan
Umar
...
(Almohade
Caliphate)
(1248-1266)
Caliph
Frederick II
-
(Germany(HRE)(Jerusalem)(Sicily)(1211-1250)
Hohenstaufen (5th)
John I
...
(Brandenburg)
(1220-1266)
Margrave
(Ascanian Dyn.)
Otto III
...
(Brandenburg)
(1220-1267)
Margrave
(Ascanian Dyn.)
Interregnum
...
(HRE)
(1246-1273)
Christian III von Weisenau ...
(Archbishopric of
Mainz)
(1249-1251)
Archbishop
Konrad von Hochstaden ...
(Archbishopric of
Cologne)
(1238-1261)
Archbishop/Elector
Arnold II von Isenburg ... (Archbishopric
of
Trier)
(1242-1259)
Archbishop/Elector
Gerhard II of Lippe
...
(Archbishopric
of Bremen)
(1219-1258)
Archbishop
Wilbrand von Kasernberg ...
(Archbishopric of Magdeburg)
(1235-1254)
Archbishop
Conrad IV
+
(Jerusalem)(Germany(Sicily)
(1250-1254)
King
William II of Holland ...
(Germany)
(1247-1256)
elected
king after FII's excomm
Otto II
...
(Bavaria)(Palatinate
of the Rhine)
(1231-1253)
Duke/C. Palatine (Wittelsbach)
Amadeus IV
...
(Savoy)
(1233-1253)
Count
Marino Morosini
...
(Venice)
(1249-1252)
Doge
Innocent IV
+
(Patriarchate
of
Rome)
(1243-1254)
Pope
Adelasia of Torres
...
(Guidicato
of Lugudoro/Gallura)
(1236-1259)(1238-1259) Last
Guidicessa
Marianus II
...
(Guidicato
of
Arborea)
(1240-1297)
Guidice
William of Capraia
...
(Guidicato
of
Arborea)
(1241-1255)
Regent
Wenceslaus I
...
(Bohemia)
(1230-1253)
King
Andreas von Stierland ... (Livonian
Brothers of the Sword)
(1248-1253)
Master
??????????
(Semigallian
Kingdom)
????-????
King
Mindaugas
...
(Lithuania)
(1236-1263)
Grand
Duke, King in 1253
Boleslaw V the Chaste ...
(Poland)
(1243-1279)
Prince
Henryk III
...
(Breslau
Wroclaw)
(1248-1270)
Duke
B la
IV...
(Hungary)
(1235-1270)
King
(Arpad)
???????????
(Archbishopric
of
Esztergom)
(????-????)
Archbishop
Michael II
Asen
(Bulgaria)
(1246-1257)
King
Alexander Nevsky
...
(Novgorod/Vladimir)
(1236-1263)
Grand
Prince
Danylo of Halych
...
(Kiev)(Halych/Volynia)
(1238-1264)
Grand
Prince
Batu Khan
...
(Blue/Golden
Horde)
(1240-1255)
Khan
Baldwin II
...
(Latin
Empire of Constantinople)
(1237-1261)
Emperor
John III Doukas Vatatzes ...
(Empire of
Nicaea)
(1221-1254)
Emperor
Manuel I Megas Komnenos ...
(Empire of Trebizond)
(1238-1263)
Emperor
Michael II
Komnenos ... (Despotate
of Epirus)(Thessaly)
(1230-1268)(1241-1268)
Despotes
William II Villehardouin ...
(Principality of
Achaea)
(1246-1278)
Prince
David IV Narin ... (Kingdom of
Georgia)GO
(1245-1293)
King (Bagrationi)
David VII Ulu
...
(Kingdom
of
Georgia)GO
(1247-1270)
Co-King
Ahsitan II
...
(Shirvanshah)
(124?-1260)
Hethum I of Armenia ... (Armenian
Kingdom of
Cilicia)
(1226-1270)King (Lesser Armenia) Hethumid
Bohemond V
...
(Principality
of Antioch)(Tripoli)
(1233-1251)
Prince/Count
Robert of Nantes
...
(Latin
Patriarchate of Jerusalem)
(1240-1254)
Patriarch
Peter of Sergines
...
(Latin
Archbishopric of
Tyre)
(????-1253)
Archbishop
Henry
(Latin
Archbishopric of Nazareth)
(1244-1268)
Archbishop
Lociaumes
...
(Latin
Archbishopric of Caesarea)
(1244-1266)
Archbishop
????????????
(Latin
Archbishopric of
Petra)
(????-????)
Archbishop
Ignatius III
David
(Syriac
Orthodox
Patriarchate)
(1222-1252)
Patriarch
Kay Ka'us II
...
(Sultanate
of
Rum)
(1246-1260)
Sultan (west of
Kizil Irmak R.)
Kilij Arslan
IV...
(Sultanate
of
Rum)
(1248-1265)
Sultan
Kay Qubadh II
...
(Sultanate
of
Rum)
(1249-1257)
Sultan
Mar Sabrisho V Bar
Almassihi ... (Assyrian
Patriarchate)
(1226-1256)
Patriarch
Ala'ud din Muhammed III ...
(Ismaili
Imamate)
(1221-1255)
Hashshashin
(Nizari) Imam
Al-Musta'sim
...
(Abbasid
Caliphate)
(1242-1258)
Caliph
Aybak
+
(Mamluk
Bahri Sultanate)
(1250-1257)
Sultan
Al-Ashraf II
+
(Ayyubid
Sultanate)
(1550-1254)
al-Mansur Umar I
...
(Rasulid
Dynasty)
(1229-1250)
Sultan
Nasir ud din Mahmud ... (Sultanate
of
Delhi)
(1246-1266)
8th Sultan (Slave
Dynasty)
???????????
(Chutiya
Kingdom)
(????-????)
King
???????????
(Kamata
Kingdom)
(????-????)
Sukaphaa
(Ahom
Kingdom)
(1228-1268)
1st King
???????????
(Karachi
Kingdom)
(????-????)
King
Kannara
...
(Suena
Yadava
Dynasty)
(1247-1261)
King
Ganapathideva
...
(Telangana
Kakatiya Dynasty)
(????-1261)
King
Vira Someshwara
...
(Hoysala
Empire)
(1235-1254)
King
Kopperunchinga II
... (Kadava
Kingdom)
(1243-1279)
King (Pallava
descendents)
Rajendra Chola III
...
(Chalukya
Chola
Empire)
(1246-1279)
Last Chola King
Maaravaramban Sundara Pandiyan II
... (Pandyan Kingdom)
(1241-1251)
King
Oghul Ghaimish
...
(Mongol
Empire)
(1248-1251)
Regent (w.
Guyuk Khan)
Lizong
...
(Song
China)
(1224-1264)
Emperor
?????????
(Kingdom
of
Dali)
(????-????)
Gojong
...
(Goryeo)
(1213-1259)
23rd
King
Go-Fukakusa
...
(Japan)
(1246-1260)
89th
Emperor
Kujo Yoritsugu ...
(Kamakura
Shogunate)
(1244-1252)
5th Shogun
Hojo Tokiyori
...
(Kamakura
Shogunate)
(1246-1256)
5th Shikken (regent)
Kyaswa
-
(Pagan)
(1234-1250)
King
Uzana
+
(Pagan)
(1250-1255)
King
Pho Kun Si Indrathit
... (Sukhothai
Kingdom)
(1249-1257)
1st King (1238?)
Jayavarman VIII
...
(Khmer
Empire)
(1243-1295)
King
Thai
Tong
(Dai
Viet)
(1226-1258)
??????????????
(Srivijaya
Empire)
(????-????)
Shajar al-Durr +
(Mamluk
Bahri Sultanate)
(1250-1257)
Sultana (w. Aybak)
Ars Antiqua Style
Abano, Pietro
d
1250-1316
Dubois,
Peter
1250-1312
Halle, Adam de
la
1250-1306
Playwright/Trouvere
(Arras, France)
Frederick
II
1194-1250
Holy
Roman Emperor
1251
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN
WARS ... (680-1355)
SEVENTH
CRUSADE ... (1248-1254)
Conrad
IV removes to Italy and is well received in Sicily - brings order by taking
Capua and Naples
Bohemond
V
-
(Principality of Antioch)(Tripoli)
(1233-1251) Prince/Count
Bohemond
VI
+
(Principality of Antioch)(Tripoli)
(1251-1268)
Prince/Count
(-1275)
Oghul
Ghaimish
-
(Mongol
Empire)
(1248-1251) Regent
(w. Guyuk Khan)
Mongke
+
(Mongol
Empire)
(1251-1259) Great
Khan
1252 BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN
WARS ... (680-1355)
SEVENTH
CRUSADE ... (1248-1254)
Gold
begins to supplant silver as Europe's main currency
Mongols
conquer Nan-chao and eastern Tibet
Henry
III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Abel
-
(Denmark)
Christopher
I
+
(Denmark)
Ferdinand
III
-
(Castile)
the
Saint
Alfonso
X
+
(Castile)
(-1284) the
Wise
1253
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ... (680-1355)
SEVENTH
CRUSADE ... (1248-1254)
William
of Rubruck sets out on mission to Central Asia to convert Mongols - fourth
Mongol mission (5)
---------------------------------------------------------
Zenith
of Bohemia under Ottokar the Great (-1258)
Dali
Kingdom in Yunnan is destroyed by Mongol invasion
Henry
III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227c
Teobaldo
I
-
(Navarre)
Teobaldo
II
+
(Navarre)
Ottokar
II
+
(Austria)
King
(of Bohemia)
Wenceslaus
II
-
(Bohemia)
Premyslid
King (Wenzel)
Ottokar
II the Great +
(Bohemia)
(-1278) Premyslid
King
Andrey
-
(Vladimir)
Grand
Duke
Aleksandr
Nevsky +
(Vladimir)
(-1263) Grand
Duke
Grosseteste,
Robert
1175-1253
Sholastic
Philosopher (England)
1254
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ... (680-1355)
SEVENTH
CRUSADE - (1248-1254)
Conrad
IVexcommunicated by Pope Innocent IV
The
Great Interregnum in Germany - Richard Earl of Cornwall vs. Alfonso X
of
Castile for crown (-1273)
Italy
no longer subject to Holy Roman Empire
Mongols
conquer Yunnan
Henry
III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
John
III Ducas Vatatzes -(Byzantine
Empire)
(1222-)
Theodore
II
+
(Byzantine
Empire)
(-1258)
Conrad
IV
-
(HRE)(Sicily)(Jerusalem)
(1237-) (Hohenstaufen)
(6th)
Innocent
IV
-
(1243-)
Alexander
IV
+
(-1261)
Polo,
Marco
1254-1324
Conrad
IV
1228-1254
Emperor
(HRE)
1255
The Angel Choir - Lincoln
Cathedral (1255-1280)
Bargello
Palazzo in Florence construction begins (oldest palazzo surviving in Florence)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ... (680-1355)
Walter
de Gray, Archishop of York dies (5/1)
Albert
I of Germany is born (7)
------------------------------------------------------
Death
of Little Saint Hugh of Lincoln - precipitates persecution of the Jews
in
England
Last
Cathar stronghold in France is defeated
Duchy
of Bavaria split into Upper and Lower Bavaria
Portuguese
capital is moved to Lisbon
Theodore
II Lascaris campaigns against Bulgarians to regain Thrace
Mongke
Khan dispatches Hulagu Khan to conquer remaining Muslim
strongholds in
Southwest Asia
Hulagu
Khan's Suthwest Asian Expedition begins
Henry
III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Sundiata
Keita
-
(Mali)
(1235-1255) King
Buoninsegna,
Duccio
di
1255-1319
1256
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
Prince Llewellen sweeps
English from Wales
Pope Alexander IV founds the
Augustinian Order from several groups of hermits
Mogols conquer Assassin sect
in Persia
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
William
-
(Holy
Roman
Empire)
antiking count of Holland
William II
-
(Holland)
Count
Floris V
+
(Holland)
Count
1257
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
Second Genoan War breaks out
between Genoa and Venice
City of Krakow is rebuilt by
Bolesas V of Poland after Mongol(Tatar) Invasion of 1241
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Michael Asen
-
(Bulgaria)
King
Asen Dynasty
1258
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
Baghdad falls to Mongols
under Hulagu Khan - Abbassids flee to Egypt - ends Abbasid secular rule
(2/10)
--------------------------------------------------------
Treaty of Corbeil - James I
of Aragon gives up several claims in S. France, Louis IX gives up
Catalonia
Mongols conquer Korea
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Theodore II
-
(Byzantine
Empire)
(1254-)
John IV
+
(Byzantine
Empire)
(-1259)
al-Musta'sim
-
(Abbasid
Caliphate)
(1242-) 37th Abbasid Caliph (executed)
Constantine Asen
+
(Bulgaria)
King
Asen Dynasty
Andronicus II
Palaeologus
1258-1332
Byzantine
Emperor
Osman
I
1258-1326
Ottoman
Dynasty founder
1259
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
Battle of Pelagonia -
Michael VIII defeats Latins (9)
--------------------------------------------------------
M ngke Khan killed by cannon
fire in Chongqing
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
John IV
-
(Byzantine
Empire)
(1258-1259)
Michael VIII
+
(Byzantine
Empire)
(1259-1282)
Palaeologus
Christopher I
-
(Denmark)
Eric V
+
(Denmark)
Klipping
Mongke
-
(Mongol
Empire)
Great Khan
1260
Westminster Abbey Retable
(1260-1270)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
Battle
of Ain Jalut - Mamluks stop the Mongols advance in Palestine (9/3)
Battle of Montaperti - Ghibelline victory - Siena defeats Florence (9/4)
Qutuz,
Mamluk Bahri Sultan is assassinated while on a hunt chase with Baibars men
(10/24*)
Chartres Cathedral is finally dedicated by Louis IX
(10/24*)
--------------------------------------------------------
Kublai,
Mongol leader is elected khan by his army at Shan-tu in China
Yuan
dynasty begins in China (-1368)
Niccolo
and Maffeo Polo set out from Constantinople to Sudak in the Crimea to
trade
jewels etc.
Henry
III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Hethum I of Armenia ... (Armenian Kingdom of
Cilicia) (1226-1270)King (Lesser Armenia) Hethumid
Qutuz
-
(Mamluk Bahri
Sultanate)
(1259-1260) Sultan
Baibars
+
(Mamluk Bahri
Sultanate)
(1260-1277) Sultan
(al-Bunduqdari)
Kublai
Khan
+
(Mongol
Empire)
(-1294) Great
Khan
Nicola
Pisano at pulpit of baptistry, Pisa
Ars cantus mensurabilis
Franco
of Cologne
Eckhart,
Meister
1260-1327
1261
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
Michael
VIII retakes Constantinople - end of Latin Empire of Constantinople (1204-1261)
Paleologue
dynasty in Byzantine Empire (-1453)
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Alexander
IV
-
(Patriarchate of Rome)
(1254-1261)
Urban IV
+
(Patriarchate of Rome)
(1261-1264)
Hethum I of Armenia ... (Armenian
Kingdom of
Cilicia)
(1226-1270)King (Lesser Armenia) Hethumid
1262
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
BERKE-HULAGU WAR +
(1262-1267)
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Hethum I of Armenia ... (Armenian
Kingdom of
Cilicia)
(1226-1270)King (Lesser Armenia) Hethumid
Le Jeu de la
Feuillee
Adam
de la Halle (1276) (1277)
1263
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
BERKE-HULAGU WAR ...
(1262-1267)
Norway gives up the Hebrides
to the Scots
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Aleksandr Nevsky
-
(Vladimir)
(1253-) Grand
Duke (Novgorod)
Yaroslav of Tver
+
(Vladimir)
Grand
Duke
Haakon IV
-
(Norway)
Magnus VI
+
(Norway)
the
Lawmender
Hethum I of Armenia ... (Armenian
Kingdom of
Cilicia)
(1226-1270)King (Lesser Armenia) Hethumid
1264
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
BERKE-HULAGU WAR ...
(1262-1267)
SECOND BARON'S WAR +
(1264-1267)
Battle of Lewes - Simon de
Montfort and other English barons defeat Henry III
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Hethum I of Armenia ... (Armenian
Kingdom of
Cilicia)
(1226-1270)King (Lesser Armenia) Hethumid
Urban IV -
(Patriarchate of Rome)
(1261-1264)
Beauvais, Vincent
de
1190-1264
1265
Madonna & Child (Coppo di
Marcovaldo)
Presentation and Flight into
Egypt (Nicola Psano) (-1268)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
BERKE-HULAGU WAR ...
(1262-1267)
SECOND BARON'S WAR ...
(1264-1267)
Battle of Evesham - Henry
III's som Edward defeats and kills Simon de Montfort (8/4)
De Montfort's Parliament -
burgesses from major towns summoned to Parliament for first time
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Hethum I of Armenia ... (Armenian
Kingdom of
Cilicia)
(1226-1270)King (Lesser Armenia) Hethumid
Berke Khan
...
(Golden/Blue
Horde)
(1257-1266)
Hulagu Khan
-
(Il-Khanate)
(1256-1265)
Abaqa Khan
+
(Il-Khanate)
(1265-1282)
Alghu
...
(Chagatai
Khanate)
(1260-1266)
Khan
Kubilai
Khan ...
(Empire
of the Great Khan)
(1260-1294)
5th Khagan
Kaidu ...
(Empire
of the Great
Khan)
(1260-1301)
rival of Kubilai
Clement IV
+
(Patriarchate of Rome)
(1265-1268)
Alighieri,
Dante
1265-1321
1266
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
BERKE-HULAGU WAR ...
(1262-1267)
SECOND BARON'S WAR ...
(1264-1267)
Charles of Anjou arrives in
Naples and begins two centuries of Angevin rule in southen Italy
Anjou cadet line in
Sicily-Naples (-1268)
Marco, Niccolo, and Maffeo
Polo journey eastward to Kublai Khan's eastern capital at Kaifeng (1271)
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Hethum I of Armenia ... (Armenian
Kingdom of
Cilicia)
(1226-1270)King (Lesser Armenia) Hethumid
Nasir ud din Mahmud
- (Slave
Dynasty)
(1246-)
Ghiyas ud din Balban + (Slave
Dynasty)
(-1286)
Scotus, John
Duns
1266-1308
1267
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
BERKE-HULAGU WAR -
(1262-1267)
SECOND BARON'S WAR -
(1264-1267)
Giotto
1267-1337
Painter
1268
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
BATTLE OF XIANGYANG +
(1268-1273)
Battle of Rakovor - Russian
princes defeat Livonian branch of Teutonic Knights (2/18)
Muslims from Egypt capture
Antioch, held by Christians (5/18)
Execution of Conradin
(10/29)
--------------------------------------------------------
Papacy vacant until 1271
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Hethum I of Armenia ... (Armenian
Kingdom of
Cilicia)
(1226-1270)King (Lesser Armenia) Hethumid
Kertanagara
+
(Java)
Clement IV
-
(Patriarchate of Rome)
(1265-1268)
1269
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
BATTLE OF XIANGYANG ...
(1268-1273)
Niccolo &Maffeo Polo
reach Acre from Ayas - coming back from Kubilai's court - 3 year
journey west
(4)
Niccolo and Maffeo Polo
learn that Pope Clement IV is dead therefore the mission to Kubilai
must wait
(4)
--------------------------------------------------------
James I of Aragon's crusade
to Palestine is unsuccessful
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Hethum I of Armenia ... (Armenian
Kingdom of
Cilicia)
(1226-1270)King (Lesser Armenia) Hethumid
Mengu-Timur
...
(Golden/Blue
Horde)
(1266-1282)
Khan
Abaqa Khan
...
(Il-Khanate)
(1265-1282)
Khan
Barak
...
(Chagatai
Khanate)
(1266-1271)
Khan
Kubilai
Khan ...
(Empire
of the Great
Khan)
(1260-1294)
5th Khagan
Kaidu
...
(Empire
of the Great
Khan)
(1260-1301)
rival of Kubilai
Vacancy
(Patriarchate
of
Rome)
(1268-1271)
1270
Opus maius (Roger Bacon)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
BATTLE OF XIANGYANG ...
(1268-1273)
EIGHTH CRUSADE +- (1270)
Louis IX dies with the word
"Jerusalem" on his lips(8/25)
Condemnation of 1270- Bishop
Stephen Tempier supresses Aristotle/Averroes - birth of modern science?
(12)
Tunis Crusade
Sicilian Vespers
Yekuno Amlak of the
Solomonid dynasty overthrows last ruler of the Zagwe dynasty in
Ethiopia
(-1974)
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Louis XI (St. Louis)
-
(France)
(1226-) King
Philip III le Hardi
+
(France)
(-1285) King
(the Bold)
Teobaldo II
-
(Navarre)
Henry I
+
(Navarre)
Bela IV
-
(Hungary)
King
Stephen V
+
(Hungary)
King
Hethum I of Armenia -
(Armenian
Kingdom of
Cilicia)
(1226-1270)King (Lesser Armenia) Hethumid
Leo III
+
(Armenian
Kingdom of
Cilicia)
(1270-1289)King (Lesser Armenia) Hethumid
English musicians in Paris
Petrus de Cruce active
Cantigas de Santa Maria
Bamberg
Codex
Motets
Cascia, Giovanni
da
1270-
Musician
de Cruce,
Petrus
1270-1300
Musician
1271
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
BATTLE OF XIANGYANG ...
(1268-1273)
NINTH CRUSADE AT ACRE +-
(1271)
Henry III
...
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Leo III
...
(Armenian
Kingdom of
Cilicia)
(1270-1289)King (Lesser Armenia) Hethumid
Baibars
...
(Mamluk
Bahri Sultanate)
(1260-1277)
Sultan (al-Bunduqdari)
Thomas B rard ...
(Knights
Templar)(Jerusalem)
(1256-1273)
Grand Master
Gregory X
+
(Patriarchate
of
Rome)
(1271-1276)
Pope (of Piacenza)
1272
Summa Theologica (St. Thomas Aquinas)
(1270)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
BATTLE OF XIANGYANG ...
(1268-1273)
Henry III King of England
dies after 45 year reign, Edward I succeeds (11/16)
--------------------------------------------------------
Enzio, illegitimate son of
Frederick II Hohenstaufen, dies - bringing an end to Hohenstaufen
dynasty
Henry III
-
(England)
(1216-1272)
in his own right 1227
Edward I
+
(England)
(-1307) King
Yaroslav of Tver
-
(Vladimir)
Grand
Duke
Basil
+
(Vladimir)
Grand
Duke
Stephen V
-
(Hungary)
King
Ladislaus IV
+
(Hungary)
King
Henry III
Plantagenet
1207-1272
King
of England
1273
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
BATTLE OF XIANGYANG -
(1268-1273)
Holy
Roman Interregnum ends
Rudolf
I Hapsburg +
(Holy Roman
Empire)
Hapsburg
Dynasty (Emperor)
Mahommed
I
-
(Granada)
Mahommed
II
+
(Granada)
al
Rumi, Jalal
ad-din
1207-1273
Persian
Mystic Poet (Balkh)
1274
Scientia Artis Musice (H lie
Salomon)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ... (680-1355)
II Lyon Council - called by
Gregory X - recommends that conclaves should be secret to avoid
corruption
Union of Lyons
First Mogol invasion of
Japan on Kublai Khan's order - Mongols fail to gain a foothold
Mongols raid Kyushu
Province of Yunnan is
created
Henry I
-
(Navarre)
Juana I
+
(Navarre)
al Tusi, Nasir
Eddin
1201-1274
Aquinas,
Thomas
1225-1274
Churchman/Philosopher
Bonaventure
1221-1274
Churchman
1275
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ... (680-1355)
Marco Polo's party reaches
Cambuluc (Peiping) - enters service of Kublai Khan (-1292)
Valdemar I
-
(Sweden)
House
of Folkung (Birgersson)
Magnus I
+
(Sweden)
House
of Folkung (Birgersson) Ladulas
Marsilius of Padua
(Marsiglio)
1275-1342
Political
Theorist (U. of Paris)
Raymond of
Penafort
1175-1275
Saint
1276
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
Pope
Adrian V dies five weeks after he is elected (8/18)
-------------------------------------------------------
Hapsburg
Dynasty begins in Austria
Rudolf
I HRE makes Braubach a free city under Count Gottfried of Eppstein
Innocent
V becomes first Dominican pope - dies five months later
Pope
Adrian V revokes conclave rules
James I
-
(Aragon)
(1213-) King
(the Conqueror)
Pedro
III the Great +
(Aragon)
(-1285)
Ottokar
II
-
(Austria)
King
(of Bohemia)
Rudolf
I HRE
+
(Austria)
(-1281) Duke
(Hapsburg) son of Albert IV
Basil
-
(Vladimir)
Grand
Duke
Demetrius
+
(Vladimir)
Grand
Duke
Gregory
X
-
(Patriarchate of
Rome)
(1271-1276)
Innocent
V
+-
(Patriarchate of
Rome)
*****
Adrian
V
+-
(Patriarchate of
Rome)
*****
John
XXI
+
(Patriarchate of
Rome)
(1276-1277)
Giotto
1276-1337
Madhua
1197-1276
1277
Charles of Anjou (Arnolfo di Cambio)
Liber Astronomicus (Guido
Bonatti)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
Visconti become lords of
Milan - overthrow the Della Torre family (-1447)
Pope John XXI dies after
eight months in office
Condemnation of 1277 - Roger
Bacon, English Franciscan philosopher , is exiled for heresy (-1292)
Constantine Asen
-
(Bulgaria)
King
Asen Dynasty
John
XXI -
(Patriarchate of
Rome)
(1276-1277)
Nicholas
III
+
(Patriarchate
of Rome)
(1277-1280)
1278
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
Battle of the Marchfeld -
Rudolf I of Austria defeats and kills Ottokar II of Bohemia (8/26)
Ottokar II the Great
-
(Bohemia)
(1253-) Premyslid
King
Wenceslaus II
+
(Bohemia)
Premyslid
King
Ivalio
+
(Bulgaria)
King
Asen Dynasty
Pisano,
Nicola
1225-1278
1279
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
SOUTHERN SONG -
YUAN + (-1368)
Battle of Yamen - Yuan navy
defeats Song dynasty in Guandong - Bing drowns with his minister (3/19)
Rudolf I surrenders claims
to Sicily and the papal states
Mongols conquer southern
Sung
Sung dynasy ends
Ivalio
-
(Bulgaria)
King
Asen Dynasty
Ivan III +
Asen
(Bulgaria)
King
Asen Dynasty
Boleslaus the Chaste -
(Polish
Kingdom)
Piast Dynasty
Keszek the Black
+
(Polish
Kingdom)
Piast Dynasty (Son of Casimir I of Cuyavia)
Alfonso III
-
(Portugal)
House
of Burgundy
Diniz
+
(Portugal)
House
of Burgundy
Bing
-
(Song
China)
(1278-1279)
Emperor
1280
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
Yuan Dynasty (-1367)
Margaret
-
(Flanders)
Countess
Guy de Dampierre
+
(Flanders)
Count
Ivan III -
Asen
(Bulgaria)
King
Asen Dynasty
George I Terter +
(Bulgaria)
King
Terter Dynasty
Magnus VI
+
(Norway)
the
Lawmender
Eric II
+
(Norway)
Nicholas
III
-
(Patriarchate
of Rome)
(1277-1280)
Martini,
Simone
1280-1344
William of
Occam
1280-1349
(1300-)
Albertus
Magnus
1193-1280
Franco of Cologne
1240-1280
Musician
1281
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
Second Mongol invasion of
Kyushu (Japan) ends in disaster
Rudolf I
-
(Austria)
(1276-) Duke
(Hapsburg) son of Albert IV
Albert I
+
(Austria)
(-1308) Duke
(Hapsburg) (1282)
Martin IV
+
(Patriarchate
of Rome) (1280-1285)
1282
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
WAR OF THE SICILIAN VESPERS
+ (1282-1302) Aragon,
Trinacria vs. Naples, France, Majorca
Death of Michael VIII
(12/11)
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Andronicus II renounces
union of East and West Churches established at the 2nd Council of Lyons
Mongols attack Galicia
Michael VIII
-
(Byzantine
Empire)
(1259-) Palaeologus
Andronicus II
+
(Byzantine
Empire)
(-1328)
Adam de la Halle follows
Prince Charles d'Anjou to Naples
Siger of
Brabant
1235-1282
1283
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
WAR OF THE SICILIAN VESPERS
... (1282-1302) Aragon,
Trinacria vs. Naples, France, Majorca
Edward I defeats and kills
Llewellen, Prince of Wales and executes Llewellen's brother David -
Wales
conquered
Kublai Khan invades Khmer
Empire ruled by Jayavarman VIII
1284
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
WAR OF THE SICILIAN VESPERS
... (1282-1302) Aragon,
Trinacria vs. Naples, France, Majorca
Statute of Rhuddlan - unites
England and Wales after Edward I's conquest (3/3)
Battle of Meloria - Genoa
defeats Pisa in naval battle -spells the end of Pisa as a major naval
power
(8/6) Su
---------------------------------------------------------
Charles II of Naples in
captured by Roger of Lauria, admiral to Peter III of Aragon
Nogai Khan leads second
Mongol attack on Hungary
Qalawun, Mamluk sultan of
Egypt signs ten year truce with city of Acre - broken in 1290
Alfonso X
-
(Castile)
(1252-) the
Wise
Sancho IV
+
(Castile)
(-1295)
Arghun Khan
+
(Il-Khanate)
(1284-1291)
Khan of the Levant
Robin et
Marion
Adam
de La Halle
Edward II
Plantagenet
1284-1327
King
of England
Alfonso X of
Castille
1221-1284
1285
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
WAR OF THE SICILIAN VESPERS
... (1282-1302) Aragon,
Trinacria vs. Naples, France, Majorca
Ifat sultanate under Umar
Walashma conquers Shewa
Philip III le
Hardi
-
(France)
(1270-) King
(the Bold)
Philip IV le Bel +
(France)
(-1314) King
(the Fair)
Pedro III the Great -
(Aragon)
(1276-)
Alfonso III
+
(Aragon)
Martin IV -
(Patriarchate
of Rome)
(1280-1285)
Honorius IV
+
(Patriarchate
of Rome)
(1285-1287)
1286
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
WAR OF THE SICILIAN VESPERS
... (1282-1302) Aragon,
Trinacria vs. Naples, France, Majorca
Alexander III of Scotland
dies in a horse accident - leaving infant Margaret as his only heir
(3/19)
Eric V
-
(Denmark)
Klipping
Eric VI
+
(Denmark)
Maendved
Alexander III
-
(Scotland)
Margaret
+
(Scotland)
the
Maid of Norway
Ghiyas ud din Balban - (Slave
Dynasty)
(1266-1286)
Muiz ud din Qaiqabad + (Slave
Dynasty)
(1286-1290)
1287
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
WAR OF THE SICILIAN VESPERS
... (1282-1302) Aragon,
Trinacria vs. Naples, France, Majorca
THIRD YUAN MONGOL INVASION
OF DAI VIET + (1287-1288)
Mongol conquest of Pagan
(Burma)
Honorius IV
-
(Patriarchate
of Rome)
(1285-1287)
Halle, Adam de
la
1238-1287
Composer
1288
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
WAR OF THE SICILIAN VESPERS
... (1282-1302) Aragon,
Trinacria vs. Naples, France, Majorca
THIRD YUAN MONGOL INVASION
OF DAI VIET - (1287-1288)
Battle of Bach Dang - Dai
Viet forces under Tran Hung Dao defeat Mongol invasion force at Bach
Dang River
Friar John of Montecorvino
becomes the first archbishop of Peking
Osman I
+
(Ottoman
Empire)
Keszek the Black
-
(Polish
Kingdom)
Piast Dynasty (Son of Casimir I of Cuyavia)
Henry Probus
+
(Polish
Kingdom)
Piast Dynasty (Son of Henry III of Silesia)
Nicholas IV
+
(Patriarchate
of Rome)
(1288-1292)
1289
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
WAR OF THE SICILIAN VESPERS
... (1282-1302) Aragon,
Trinacria vs. Naples, France, Majorca
Mamluk sultan Qalawun
captures the County of Tripoli in Lebanon after a month long siege
(4/29)
Battle of Campaldino -
Guelphs defeat Ghibellines (6/11)
1290
Christ and the Apostles
(Pietro Cavallini)
Leaves of Southwell Minster
- Chapter House (1290-1295)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
WAR OF THE SICILIAN VESPERS
... (1282-1302) Aragon,
Trinacria vs. Naples, France, Majorca
Struggle for the succession
in Scotand after death of Margaret - thirteen people claim the throne
Edward I expels all Jews
from England
Jalaluddin Firuz Khilji
leads coup that ends Slave Dynasty - Second Delhi Sultanate (Khalji)
established (-1320)
Ottomans break away from
Seljuk rule
Margaret
-
(Scotland)
the
Maid of Norway
Ladislaus IV
-
(Hungary)
King
Andrew III
+
(Hungary)
King
Magnus I
-
(Sweden)
House
of Folkung (Birgersson) Ladulas
Birger II Magnusson +
(Sweden)
House
of Folkung
Henry Probus
-
(Polish
Kingdom)
Piast Dynasty (Son of Henry III of Silesia)
Przemysi II
+
(Polish
Kingdom)
Muiz ud din Qaiqabad - (Slave
Dynasty)
(1286-)
Jalal ud din Firuz Khilji
+(Second Delhi
Sultanate)
Khilji
Dynasty
de Muris,
Jean
1290-1351
Musician
1291
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
WAR OF THE SICILIAN VESPERS
... (1282-1302) Aragon,
Trinacria vs. Naples, France, Majorca
Rudolf I of Hapsburg dies
(7/15)
Federal Charter of 1291 -
League of Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden - begins the Swiss Confederacy (8)
Scots ackowledge Edward I of
England as suzerain - he arbitrates in succession dispute
Saracens (Muslims) capture
Acre - last Christian stronghold in Palestine
End of Crusades
Vivaldi brothers (Genovese)
set off for ten year voyage to India - explore African coast
(spring)
Rudolf I
Hapsburg -
(Holy
Roman
Empire)
Emperor
Alfonso III
-
(Aragon)
James II
+
(Aragon)
Przemysi II
-
(Polish
Kingdom)
Wenceslaus II
+
(Polish
Kingdom)
Premyslid Dynasty (from Bohemia)
Arghun Khan
-
(Il-Khanate)
(1284-1291)
Khan of the Levant
Gaykhatu
+
(Il-Khanate)
(1291-1295)
Khan of the Levant
de Vitry, Philippe
1291-1361
Musician
1292
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
WAR OF THE SICILIAN VESPERS
... (1282-1302) Aragon,
Trinacria vs. Naples, France, Majorca
John Baillol becomes king of
Scotland on Edward I's nomination
Marco Polo visits Perlak
(Sumatra)
Marco Polo begins journey
back to Venice (-1295)
John Balliol
+
(Scotland)
King
Adolf of Nassau
+
(Holy
Roman
Empire)
Emperor (count of Nassau)
George I Terter
-
(Bulgaria)
King
Terter Dynasty
Smilitz
+
(Bulgaria)
King
Terter Dynasty
Nicholas IV
-
(Patriarchate
of Rome)
(1288-1292)
Bacon,
Roger
1214-1292
Sadi, Shiekh Musharrif
ud-din
1200-1292
1293
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
WAR OF THE SICILIAN VESPERS
... (1282-1302) Aragon,
Trinacria vs. Naples, France, Majorca
Unsuccessful Mongol invasion
of Java - Empire of Majapajit founded
Demetrius
-
(Vladimir)
Grand
Duke
Andrey
+
(Vladimir)
Grand
Duke
William of
Rubruck
c.1220-c1293
Francisc. Missionary/Explorer (Flanders)
1294
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
WAR OF THE SICILIAN VESPERS
... (1282-1302) Aragon,
Trinacria vs. Naples, France, Majorca
Kublai Khan dies (2/18)
--------------------------------------------------------
Pope Celestine V resigns
after five months
Kublai Khan
-
(Mongol
Empire)
(1260-) Great Khan
Jalal ud din Firuz Khilji -(Khilji
Dynasty)
Second Delhi Sultanate
Ala ud din Khilji
+
(Khilji
Dynasty)
Second Delhi Sultanate
Celestine V
+-
hermit
Peter of Morrone
Boniface VIII
+
(-1303)
Kublai Khan
1295
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
WAR OF THE SICILIAN VESPERS
... (1282-1302) Aragon,
Trinacria vs. Naples, France, Majorca
Auld Alliance - betw. John B
of (Scotland) and Philip IV(France) - mutual protection against
England
(10/23)
Niccolo, Maffeo and Marco
Polo return from Il-Khanate - Trebizond to Venice
Model Parliament of Edward I
- knights and burgesses summond - first representative parliament
Sancho IV
-
(Castile)
(1284-)
Ferdinand IV
+
(Castile)
Mahmud Ghazan
+
(Il-Khanate)
(1295-1304)
Khan of the Levant
Temur Oljaitu
+
(Yuan
China)
Ch'eng Tsung (grandson of
Kublai Khan)
Hillel of
Verona
1220-1295
1296
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...
(680-1355)
WAR OF THE SICILIAN VESPERS
... (1282-1302) Aragon,
Trinacria vs. Naples, France, Majorca
FIRST WAR OF SCOTTISH
INDEPENDENCE + (1296-1328)
First War of Scottish
Independence (-1328)
Edward I of England deposes
John Baillol from Scottish throne
Interregnum in Scotland
(-1306)
Conflict between Philip IV
of France and pope Boniface VIII over papal powers in France (-1303)
John Balliol
-
(Scotland)
King
(deposed)
Floris V
-
(Holland)
Count
John I
+
(Holland)
Count
1297
Palazzo Pubblico begins construction in Siena
Book of Various Experiences
(Marco Polo)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
WAR OF THE SICILIAN VESPERS
... (1282-1302) Aragon,
Trinacria vs. Naples, France, Majorca
FIRST WAR OF SCOTTISH
INDEPENDENCE ... (1296-1328)
Battle of Cambuskenneth -
Scottish patriot William Wallace defeats English army
Battle of Stirling - William
Wallace defeats English army
1298
Book of Various Experiences -
(Il Milione) (Le devisament dou monde) (Marco Polo)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
WAR OF THE SICILIAN VESPERS
... (1282-1302) Aragon,
Trinacria vs. Naples, France, Majorca
FIRST WAR OF SCOTTISH
INDEPENDENCE ... (1296-1328)
Battle of Curzola - Genoese
fleet defeats Venetian fleet in the seas of southern Dalmatia (9/8)
Battle of Falkirk - Edward I
defeats William Wallace and reconquers Scotland
Battle of Gollheim - Adolf
of Nassau Holy Roman Emperor defeated and killed
Marco Polo dictates his Far
Eastern experience to fellow prisoner Rustichello da Pisa
Adolf of Nassau
-
(Holy
Roman
Empire)
Emperor (count of Nassau)
Albert I Hapsburg
+
(Holy
Roman
Empire)
(1298-1308)
1299
Reims Cathedral completed
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS
... (680-1355)
WAR OF THE SICILIAN VESPERS
... (1282-1302) Aragon,
Trinacria vs. Naples, France, Majorca
FIRST WAR OF SCOTTISH
INDEPENDENCE ... (1296-1328)
Count of Hainut assumes
control of Netherlands (Holland) as John II
Marco Polo is finally
released from prison
Eric II
-
(Norway)
Haakon V Longlegs +
(Norway)
John I -
(Holland)
Count
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