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400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490
401 411 421 431 441 451 461 471 481 491
402 412 422 432 442 452 462 472 482 492
403 413 423 433 443 453 463 473 483 493
404 414 424 434 444 454 464 474 484 494
405 415 425 435 445 455 465 475 485 495
406 416 426 436 446 456 466 476 486 496
407 417 427 437 447 457 467 477 487 497
408 418 428 438 448 458 468 478 488 498
409 419 429 439 449 459 469 479 489 499

400
Saturnalia (Macrobius)
Iron Pillar erected near New Delhi
Alaric invades Italy
The Senate of Constantinople has 2,000 members (mostly bureaucrats)
Byzantine tax collectors commonly need military escorts
Inca civilization develops on South American Pacific coast

Honorius ... (Western Roman Empire) (395-423) (s. Theodosius I the Great)
Kalidasa 400-455
Leo I 400-461 Roman Pope

401
Innocent I proclaims universal jurisdiction over Roman Church
Honorius ... (Western Roman Empire) (395-423) (s. Theodosius I the Great)
Anastasius - (Patriarchate of Rome) (399-)
Innocent I + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-417)

402
Ravenna becomes capital of Western Roman Empire
Honorius ... (Western Roman Empire) (395-423) (s. Theodosius I the Great)
Symmachus 340-402
403
Honorius ... (Western Roman Empire) (395-423) (s. Theodosius I the Great)
404
Honorius ... (Western Roman Empire) (395-423) (s. Theodosius I the Great)
Flavian of Antioch - (Patriarchate of Antioch)
Claudian 370-404 Poet (Alexandria)
405
Chinese system of writing introduced into Japan
Honorius ... (Western Roman Empire) (395-423) (s. Theodosius I the Great)
406
Suebi, Vandal, and Alan confederation crosses the Rhine at Mainz, launching an invasion of Gaul (12/31/406)
Gaul lost to Vandals under king Gunderic, Alans, and Sueves (Suebi, aka Alemanni) (-407)

Honorius ... (Western Roman Empire) (395-423) (s. Theodosius I the Great)
407
First Mongol Empire founded by the Avars (-553)
Last Roman troops withdraw from Britain -Romano - Britains fend for themselves

Honorius ... (Western Roman Empire) (395-423) (s. Theodosius I the Great)
Frode IV - (Denmark) (348-)
Ingild + (Denmark) (-436)

408
Stilicho is murdered on order of Honorius
Honorius ... (Western Roman Empire) (395-423) (s. Theodosius I the Great)
Arcadius - (Eastern Roman Empire) (395-)
Theodosius II + (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus

409
Spain lost to Suevi (Alemanni) and Vandals
Alaric, king of the Visigoths invades Italy and installs a puppet ruler at Rome, Honorius remains in Ravenna

Honorius ... (Western Roman Empire) (395-423) (s. Theodosius I the Great)
Maximus + (Western Roman Empire) (-411) (usurper in Spain)
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus

410
Britain lost to Angles and Saxons
Honorius mishandles negotiations with Alaric
Rome sacked by Visigoths under Alaric

Honorius ... (Western Roman Empire) (395-423) (s. Theodosius I the Great)
Maximus ... (Western Roman Empire) (409-411) (usurper in Spain)
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus

Alaric 370-410 King of the Visigoths
411
Rival emperor Constantine defeated by Honorius' general Constantius (III)
Burgundians enter Gaul
Visigoths conquer Spain

Honorius ... (Western Roman Empire) (395-423) (s. Theodosius I the Great)
Maximus - (Western Roman Empire) (409-411) (usurper in Spain)
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus

Proclus 411-485
412
Honorius makes peace with Ataulf
Ataulpus + (Visigoth Kingdom) (-415) (Ataulf)
Honorius ... (Western Roman Empire) (395-423) (s. Theodosius I the Great)
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus

413
City of God (Augustine)
Honorius ... (Western Roman Empire) (395-423) (s. Theodosius I the Great)
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus

7 Liberal Arts - Trivium: grammar, logic, rhetoric ; Quadrivium: arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, and music
Kumarajiva 344-413
414
Ataulf marries Honorius' sister Galla Placidia (against Honorius' will)
Honorius ... (Western Roman Empire) (395-423) (s. Theodosius I the Great)
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus

415
Ataulf - (Visigoth Kingdom) (412-) murdered
Sigeric +- (Visigoth Kingdom) *****
Wallia + (Visigoth Kingdom) (-417)
Honorius ... (Western Roman Empire) (395-423) (s. Theodosius I the Great)
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
Chandra Gupta II - (Gupta Dynasty) (380-)
Kumara Gupta + (Gupta Dynasty) (-455)

416
Merovingian House in Frankish Kingdom (-751)
Honorius ... (Western Roman Empire) (395-423) (s. Theodosius I the Great)
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus

417
Wallia - (Visigoth Kingdom) (415-)
Theodoric + (Visigoth Kingdom) (417-451)
Honorius ... (Western Roman Empire) (395-423) (s. Theodosius I the Great)
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus

Innocent I - (Patriarchate of Rome) (401-)
418
Honorius ... (Western Roman Empire) (395-423) (s. Theodosius I the Great)
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus

Boniface I + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-422)
Eulalius (antipope) + (-419)

419
Visigoth Kingdom established in Spain with Toulouse as capital (-507)
Honorius ... (Western Roman Empire) (395-423) (s. Theodosius I the Great)
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus

Eulalius (antipope) - (418-)
420
NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN DYNASTIES + (420-589) China
Honorius ... (Western Roman Empire) (395-423) (s. Theodosius I the Great)
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
Yazdegerd I - (Sassanian Empire) (399-)
Bahram V Gor + (Sassanian Empire) (-438)

Jerome 345-420 Ecclesiastical Intellectual
421
Joint emperors in the west (Honorius & Constantius III)
Honorius ... (Western Roman Empire) (395-423) (s. Theodosius I the Great)
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
Constantius III +- (Western Roman Empire) ***** joint emperor

422
Honorius ... (Western Roman Empire) (395-423) (s. Theodosius I the Great)
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus

Boniface I - (Patriarchate of Rome) (418-)
Celestine I + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-432)

423
Honorius - (Western Roman Empire) (395-423) (s. Theodosius I the Great)
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus

Honorius 384-423 Emperor (Roman)
424
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
425
Angles, Saxons and Jutes raid Britain
End of Jewish patriarchate

Valentinian III + (Western Roman Empire) (425-455) (s. of Constantius III)
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus

426
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
427
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
428
Clodion + (Frankish Kingdom) (428-448)
Gaiseric + (Vandal Kingdom) (428-477)
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus

Theodore of Mopsuestia 350-428 Theologian/Bishop (Syria)
429
Gaiseric leads Vandals from Spain into Africa and subdues a large territory
Rome loses Africa to Vandals (-439)
Vandal kingdom in Northern Africa (-535)
Start of Northern and Southern Dynasties period in China

Clodion ... (Frankish Kingdom) (428-448)
Theodoric ... (Visigoth Kingdom) (417-451)
Valentinian III ... (Western Roman Empire) (425-455) (s. of Constantius III)
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
Gaiseric ... (Vandal Kingdom) (428-477) King
Bahram V Gor ... (Sassanian Empire) (420-438) Emperor
Kumara Gupta I ... (Gupta Empire) (415-455) Emperor
Skandavarman III ... (Pallava Kingdom) (400-436)
????????? (Kalabhra Dynasty) (???-???)
????????? (Pyu City States/Kingdoms) (???-???)
????????? (Funan Empire) (???-???)
Yujiul Datan (Rouran Confederation) (414-429) Mouhanheshenggai Khan
Taiwu ... (Northern Wei Dynasty) (423-452) Emperor
Wen ... (Liu Song Dynasty) (424-453) Emperor
Ingyo ... (Japan) (411-453) 19th Emperor (Trad.)

Celestine I ... (Patriarchate of Rome) (422-429)
430
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
Augustine (Aurelius Augustinus) 354-430 Ecclesiastical Intellectual
431
Council of Ephesus (3rd Ecumenical) - Nestorius condemned - half of Syria alienated from the imperial Church
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
432
St. Patrick begins mission to Ireland
Battle of Rimini - Boniface defeats his rival Aetius - Aetius briefly goes into exile among the Huns

Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
Celestine I - (Patriarchate of Rome) (422-)
Sixtus III + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-440)

433
Aetius returns from exile to become the chief ruler of the Western Empire
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
Attila + (Huns) (-453)

434
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
435
North Africa territory ceded to Vandal king Gaiseric by treaty from the Romans
Attila, king of the Huns, raids the Danube provinces (-453)

Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
Odoacer 435-493 German Chieftan/Mercenary
436
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
Childeric 436-481 Merovingian King (son of Meroveus)
437
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
438
Theodosian Law Code
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
Bahram V Gor - (Sassanian Empire) (420-)
Yazdegerd II + (Sassanian Empire) (-457)

439
Vandals under Gaiseric capture Carthage
The West is completely overrun by "barbarians"
Piracy rife in the western Mediterranean
The imperial administration in the East begins to use Greek

Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
440
Gaiseric sends a fleet to raid Sicily
Northern Wei Dynasty unites northern China

Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
Sixtus III - (Patriarchate of Rome) (432-)
Leo I the Great + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-461)

441
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
442
Gaiseric gains recognition of his independence
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
443
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
444
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
445
Attilla murders his brother - becomes sole ruler of the Huns
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
446
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
447
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
448
Clodion - (Frankish Kingdom) (428-)
Merovaeus + (Frankish Kingdom) (-458) Egill Tunnadolgi + (Sweden) (-456) Yngling
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus

449
The Jutes under Hengest and Horsa conquer Kent
Theodosius II ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
450
Theodosius II - (Eastern Roman Empire) (408-450) Augustus
Marcian + (Eastern Roman Empire) (450-457) Augustus

451
Battle of Chalons - Attila repulsed by Franks, Alemanni & Romans & Visigoths under Aetius' leadership (6/20/451)
Council of Chalcedon - the Patriarch of Alexandria condemned - Egypt alienated - Jerusalem added as fifth patriarchate
Rome threatened by the Huns
Attila invades Gaul, sacks Metz and other cities, then moves on to Italy and Italy (-452)
Chlodio (son of Merovech) invades Artois - Aetius defeats him
Yazdegerd II overwhelms the Armenians

Theodoric - (Visigoth Kingdom) (417-)
Theodoric II + (Visigoth Kingdom) (-455)
Marcian ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (450-457) Augustus

452
Venice founded
Pope Leo I meets with Attila the Hun outside Rome and persuades him not to invade the city

Marcian ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (450-457) Augustus
453
Attila dies from nasal hemorrhage during marriage celebration
Marcian ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (450-457) Augustus
Attila - (Huns) (433-)

454
Valentinian, jealous of Aetius' success - has him murdered
Ostrogoths settle in Pannonia
Hun invasions in India (-500)

Marcian ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (450-457) Augustus
Theodoric the Great 454-526 King of the Ostrogoths (Pannonia)
Aetius 396-454 Roman General
455
Rome sacked by Vandals under Gaiseric
Valentinian III - (Western Roman Empire) (425-) (s. of Constantius III)
Petronius Maximus +- (Western Roman Empire) *****
Avitus + (Western Roman Empire) (-456)
Marcian ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (450-457) Augustus
Theodoric II - (Visigoth Kingdom) (451-)
Kumara Gupta - (Gupta Dynasty) (415-)
Skanda Gupta + (Gupta Dynasty) (-467)

Kalidasa 400-455
456
Avitus - (Western Roman Empire) (455-)
Marcian ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (450-457) Augustus
Egill Tunnadolgi - (Sweden) (448-) Yngling
Ottar Vendilkraka + (Sweden) (-460) Yngling

457
Majorian + (Western Roman Empire) (-461) puppet of Ricimer
Marcian - (Eastern Roman Empire) (450-457) Augustus
Leo I + (Eastern Roman Empire) (457-474) Augustus
Yazdegerd II - (Sassanian Empire) (438-)
Ormizd III + (Sassanian Empire) (-459)

458
Merovaeus - (Frankish Kingdom) (448-)
Childeric I + (Frankish Kingdom) (-481)
Leo I ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (457-474) Augustus

Theodoret 393-458 Churchman/Theologian (Syria)
459
Ostrogoths loot the Balkans (-487)
Isaurians in Asia Minor and Syria (-487)
Imperial succession in the West comes to an end (-487)

Leo I ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (457-474) Augustus
Ormizd III - (Sassanian Empire) (457-)
Firuz + (Sassanian Empire) (-484)

460
Frode V - (Denmark) (447-)
Helge and Roe + (Denmark) (-494)
Ottar Vendilkraka - (Sweden) (456-) Yngling
Adils + (Sweden) (-505) Yngling
Leo I ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (457-474) Augustus

461
Majorian sends an expedition against Gaiseric but it fails
Majorian - (Western Roman Empire) (457-) puppet of Ricimer
Libius Severus + (Western Roman Empire) (-465) puppet of Ricimer
Leo I ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (457-474) Augustus

Leo I The Great - (Patriarchate of Rome) (440-)
Hilary + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-468)

Leo I 400-461 Roman Pope
St. Patrick 389-461

462
Leo I ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (457-474) Augustus
463
Leo I ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (457-474) Augustus
464
Leo I ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (457-474) Augustus
465
White Huns dominate northern India
Libius Severus - (Western Roman Empire) (461-) puppet of Ricimer
Leo I ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (457-474) Augustus

466
Euric + (Visigoth Kingdom) (-484)
Leo I ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (457-474) Augustus

Clovis I 466-511 Merovingian King
467
Anthemius + (Western Roman Empire) (-472)
Leo I ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (457-474) Augustus
Skanda Gupta - (Gupta Dynasty) (455-)

468
Leo I ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (457-474) Augustus
Hilary - (Patriarchate of Rome) (461-)
Simplicius + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-483)

469
Leo I ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (457-474) Augustus
470
Leo I ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (457-474) Augustus
471
Theodoric the Great + (Ostrogothic Kingdom) (-526)
Leo I ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (457-474) Augustus

472
Anthemius - (Western Roman Empire) (467-)
Olybius + (Western Roman Empire) (-473)
Leo I ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (457-474) Augustus

473
Olybius - (Western Roman Empire) (472-)
Glycerius + (Western Roman Empire) (-474)
Leo I ... (Eastern Roman Empire) (457-474) Augustus

474
Glycerius - (Western Roman Empire) (473-)
Julius Nepos + (Western Roman Empire) (-475)
Leo I - (Eastern Roman Empire) (457-474) Augustus
Leo II +- (Eastern Roman Empire) *****
Zeno + (Eastern Roman Empire) (-475) 1st reign (Isaurian)

475
Julius Nepos - (Western Roman Empire) (474-)
Romulus Augustulus + (Western Roman Empire) (-476)
Zeno - (Eastern Roman Empire) (474-) 1st reign (Isaurian)
Basiliscus + (Eastern Roman Empire) (-476) usurper

476
Heruli tribe revolt against Roman rule - claim Odoacer as king
Battle of Piacenza - Odoacer defeats Roman general Orestes
End of Western Roman Empire - Odoacer and the Goths depose Romulus Augustulus at Ravenna
Zeno recognizes Odoacer's authority over italy and names him patrician
Zeno concludes peace with Vandal king Gaiseric
Gaiseric's lands now include Roman Africa, Sicily, Sardinia, Corsica and the Balearic Islands

Romulus Augustulus - (Western Roman Empire) (475-)
Basiliscus - (Eastern Roman Empire) (475-) usurper
Zeno + (Eastern Roman Empire) (-491) 2nd reign (Isaurian)
Odoacer + (Heruli)(Sciri)(Rugii) (-493) King and Chieftan

Arya Bhata 476-550
477
BEGINNING OF MIDDLE AGES
Gaiseric - (Vandal Kingdom) (-477)
Huneric + (Vandal Kingdom) (-484) North Africa
Budhagupta + (Gupta Empire) (-495) Northern India

Gaiseric 390-477 King of the Vandals
478
SONG - (SOUTH) (420-)
Jayavarman I + (Funan Kingdom)
479
QI + (SOUTH) (-501)
Eugenius + (Bishopric of Carthage)
480
White Huns defeat Ghupta forces and make themselves masters of northern India
Benedict, Saint 480-543
Boethius, Anicius Manlius Severinus 480-524 Philosopher

481
Merovingian dynasty established in France (-751)
Childeric I - (Frankish Kingdom) (549-)
Clovis I + (Frankish Kingdom) (-511) King (Merovingian) (s. Childeric I)

Childeric 436-481 Merovingian King (son of Meroveus)
482
Henotikon (Zeno)
Zeno's Henotikon attemps to reconcile Monophysites to the decrees of the Council of Chalcedon
483
Theodoric the Great is appointed imperial master of soldiers by Zeno
Simplicius - (Patriarchate of Rome) (468-)
Felix III (or II) + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-492)

Justinian 483-565 Byzantine Emperor
484
Theodoric the Great is appointed consul of Roman Empire
Huneric dies

Euric - (Visigoth Kingdom) (466-)
Alaric II + (Visigoth Kingdom) (-507)
Huneric - (Vandal Kingdom) (477-) North Africa
Gunthamund + (Vandal Kingdom) (-496) North Africa
Firuz - (Sassanian Empire) (459-)
Balash + (Sassanian Empire) (-488)

485
Proclus 411-485
486
Battle of Soissons - Clovis defeats Roman legions under Syagrius - ends Roman control of the Paris region
487
488
Zeno frees the East from Ostrogothic raids by encouraging Theodoric's invasion of Italy
Ostrogoths under Theodoric invade Italy

Balash - (Sassanian Empire) (484-)
Kavadh I + (Sassanian Empire) (-496) 1st reign

Cassiodorus 488-575
Germanus 378-488
489
Battle of Isonzo - Theodoric the Great victorious
490
Battle of the Adda - Theodoric the Great victorious
491
Zeno - (Eastern Roman Empire) (476-) 2nd reign (Isaurian)
Anastasius I + (Eastern Roman Empire) (-518)

492
Felix III (or II) - (Patriarchate of Rome) (483-)
Gelasius I + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-496)

493
Clovis marries Burgundian Clothilde (Clotilda), a Roman Catholic
Theodoric the Great besieges and reduces Ravenna
Odoacer consents to a treaty by which he is to share power with Theodoric
Odoacer and his sons killed - Theodoric the Great invites Odoacer and his sons to a banquet then murders them with his own hands
Ostrogothic rule in Italy established under Theodoric the Great - rules as "patrician" (-552)
Bulgar invasions of Thrace begin
Northern Wei Dynasty moves capital from Datong to Luoyang

Odoacer - (Heruli)(Sciri)(Rugii) (476-) King and chieftan (murdered)
'Odoacer 435-493 German Chieftan/Mercenary
494
Helge and Roe - (Denmark) (460-)
Frode VI + (Denmark) (-510)

495
Budhagupta - (Gupta Empire) (477-) Northern India
496
Battle of Tolbiac - Clovis I conquers Alemanni
Clovis I converts to Christianity - baptized in Reims by St. Remigius (traditional date)
Gunthamund - (Vandal Kingdom) (484-) North Africa
Thrasamund + (Vandal Kingdom) (-523) North Africa
Kavadh I - (Sassanian Empire) (488-) 1st reign
Jamasp + (Sassanian Empire) (-499)

Gelasius I - (Patriarchate of Rome) (492-)
Anastasius II + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-498)

497
Clotaire I 497-561 Frankish King
498
Battle of Tolbiac - Siegebert the Ripuarian defeats an Alemanni invasion
Battle of Strasburg - Clovis defeats the Alemanni

Anastasius II - (Patriarchate of Rome) (496-)
Symmachus + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-514)
Lawrence (antipope) + (-505)

499
Jamasp - (Sassanian Empire) (496-)
Kavadh I + (Sassanian Empire) (-531) second reign


400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490
401 411 421 431 441 451 461 471 481 491
402 412 422 432 442 452 462 472 482 492
403 413 423 433 443 453 463 473 483 493
404 414 424 434 444 454 464 474 484 494
405 415 425 435 445 455 465 475 485 495
406 416 426 436 446 456 466 476 486 496
407 417 427 437 447 457 467 477 487 497
408 418 428 438 448 458 468 478 488 498
409 419 429 439 449 459 469 479 489 499

300's 400's 500's

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