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600s
500s BCE
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History Timeline Index
599
589
579
569
559
549
539
529
519
509
598
588
578
568
558
548
538
528
518
508
597
587
577
567
557
547
537
527
517
507
596
586
576
566
556
546
536
526
516
506
595
585
575
565
555
545
535
525
515
505
594
584
574
564
554
544
534
524
514
504
593
583
573
563
553
543
533
523
513
503
592
582
572
562
552
542
532
522
512
502
591
581
571
561
551
541
531
521
511
501
590
580
570
560
550
540
530
520
510
500
599
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
Cyaxares
...
(Media)
(628-585) King
598
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
Cyaxares
...
(Media)
(628-585) King
597
Jerusalem falls to
Nebuchadnezzar (3)
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
Cyaxares
...
(Media)
(628-585) King
596
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
Cyaxares
...
(Media)
(628-585) King
595
Necho II
+
(Egypt
XXVI)
Saite
Psammetichus II
+
(Egypt
XXVI)
Saite
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
Cyaxares
...
(Media)
(628-585) King
594
Solon becomes sole archon at
Athens
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
Cyaxares
...
(Media)
(628-585) King
593
Solon's reforms in Athens
replace Draconian Law
Solon creates court of
citizens and reforms election of magistrates
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
Cyaxares
...
(Media)
(628-585) King
Ezekiel
593-570
592
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
Cyaxares
...
(Media)
(628-585) King
591
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
Cyaxares
...
(Media)
(628-585) King
590
Scythians driven out of Armenia
by the Medes
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
Cyaxares
...
(Media)
(628-585) King
589
Psammetichus II
-
(Egypt
XXVI)
Saite
Wahibre
+
(Egypt
XXVI)
Saite ("Apries")
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
Cyaxares
...
(Media)
(628-585) King
588
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
Cyaxares
...
(Media)
(628-585) King
587
Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon
destroys Judah/Jerusalem -
Babylonian Captivity begins (586)
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
Cyaxares
...
(Media)
(628-585) King
Ji Yi (Jian Wang)
+
(China)
Spring
and Autumn
586
Sakadas of Argos wins
Pythian Games with Nomos Pythicos
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
Ji Yu (Ding Wang)
-
(China)
Spring
and Autumn
585
Battle between the Medes and
the Lydians for control of central Asia Minor - the Halys fixed as
boundary
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Cyaxares
-
(Media)
(628-585) King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
Anaximenes
585-525
Thales of
Miletus
585-546
584
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Astyages
+
(Media)
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
583
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
582
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
Anacreon
582-485
581
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
580
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
construction begins
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
Pythagoras
580-497
579
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
578
Servius Tullius
+ (Kingdom of
Rome)
(578-535)
6th King
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
577
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
576
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
575
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
574
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
573
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
572
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
Ji Yi (Jian Wang)
-
(China)
Spring
and Autumn
Anacreon
572-488
571
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
Ji Xie Xin (Ling Wang)
+
(China)
Spring
and Autumn
570
Wahibre
-
(Egypt
XXVI)
Saite ("Apries")
Amasis II
+
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
Xenophanes of
Colophon
570-480
569
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
568
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
567
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
566
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
565
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
564
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
563
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Nebuchadnezzar II
...
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
Gautama
Buddha
563-483
562
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Nebuchadnezzar II
-
(Babylonia)
(605-562)
Chaldean
PC 17*
Amil-Marduk
+
(Chaldea)
(-560)
PC
18*
561
Alyattes II ...
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
560
Peisistratus becomes tyrant
of Athens
Alyattes II
-
(Lydia)
(619-560)
King
Croesus
+
(Lydia)
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Amil-Marduk
-
(Chaldea)
PC
18*
Neriglissar
+
(Chaldea)
PC
19*
559
Cyrus the Great founds
Achaemenid Persian Empire
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
+
(Persia)
(559-529)
King (Achaemenid)
Solon
640-559
558
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King (Achaemenid)
557
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King (Achaemenid)
556
Peisistratus exiled from Athens
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King (Achaemenid)
Simonides
556-468
555
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Neriglissar
-
PC
19*
Nabodinus
+
PC
20*
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King (Achaemenid)
554
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King (Achaemenid)
553
Persian rebellion against Media
begins
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King (Achaemenid)
552
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King (Achaemenid)
551
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King (Achaemenid)
K'ung Fu-tzu
(Confucius)
551-479
550
Cyrus of Persia gains control
of Media by defeating Astyages
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King (Achaemenid)
549
Cyrus conquers Ecbatana -
effectively controlling Median Empire
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Astyages
-
(Media)
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King (Achaemenid)
548
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King (Achaemenid)
547
Croesus
-
(Lydia)
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King (Achaemenid)
546
Battle of Pteria - Croesus
forced to retreat to his capital Sardis (10-11/546)
Battle of Thymbra - (12)
Battle of Sardis - Cyrus
conquers Croesus last king of Lydia (12)
Persians control Asia Minor
Piesistratus
+
(Athens)
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King (Achaemenid)
545
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King (Achaemenid)
Ji Xie Xin (Ling Wang)
-
(China)
Spring
and Autumn
544
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King (Achaemenid)
Ji Gui (Jing Wang)
+
(China)
Spring
and Autumn
543
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King (Achaemenid)
542
Magadha dynasty starts in
Northern India near modern Patna
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King (Achaemenid)
Bimbisara
+
(Magadha)
541
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King (Achaemenid)
540
Second Isaiah (Isaiah 40-55)
denies existence of gods other than Yahweh - nationalistic monotheism
Xenophanes propounds
philosophic monotheism
Persians conquer greek
cities of Asia Minor
Polycrates
+
(Samos)
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King (Achaemenid)
Heraclitus of
Ephesus
540-475
Mahavira
540-468
539
Cyrus of Persia conquers
Nabonidus of Babylon (10/16/539)
Judah and Phoenicia become
Persian provinces
Greeks defeat Cathaginians
in battle
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Nabonidus
-
(Chaldea)
PC
20*
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King
(Achaemenid)
PC 21*
Parmenides of
Elea
539-469
538
Edict of Cyrus allows some
Jewish exiles to return to Judah
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King
(Achaemenid)
PC 21*
537
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King
(Achaemenid)
PC 21*
536
Jews return from captivity in
Babylon
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King
(Achaemenid)
PC 21*
535
Servius Tullius
+
(Kingdom
of
Rome)
(578-) 6th King
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King
(Achaemenid)
PC 21*
534
Tarquinius Superbus last king
of Rome
Tarquinius Superbus
+
(Rome)
(534-510)
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King
(Achaemenid)
PC 21*
533
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King
(Achaemenid)
PC 21*
532
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King
(Achaemenid)
PC 21*
531
Pythagoras emigrates to Croton
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King
(Achaemenid)
PC 21*
530
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
...
(Persia)
(559-529)
King
(Achaemenid)
PC 21*
Epicharmus
530-440
529
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cyrus II
-
(Persia)
(559-529)
King
(Achaemenid)
PC 21*
Cambyses II
+
(Persia)
(529-522)
King
(Achaemenid)
PC 22*
528
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cambyses II
...
(Persia)
(529-522)
King
(Achaemenid)
PC 22*
527
Piesistratus
-
(Athens)
Hippias and Hipparchus + (Athens)
Amasis II
...
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Cambyses II
...
(Persia)
(529-522)
King
(Achaemenid)
PC 22*
526
Amasis II
-
(Egypt
XXVI)
(570-526) Saite ("Amhose
II")
Psammetichus III
+
(Egypt
XXVI)
(526-525) Saite
Cambyses II
...
(Persia)
(529-522)
King
(Achaemenid)
PC 22*
525
Battle of Pelusium - (in
eastern Nile Delta) Cambyses of Persia conquers Egypt (5)
Egyptian Dynasty XXVII
(525-332) - First Persian Domination
Psammetichus
III
-
(Egypt
XXVI)
(526-525) Saite
Cambyses II
...
(Persia)
(529-522)
King
(Achaemenid)
PC 22*
Pythagoras and the
philosophic life
Aeschylus
525-456
524
Etruscan advance stopped by
Greeks at Cumae
Cambyses II
...
(Persia)
(529-522)
King
(Achaemenid)
PC 22*
Themistocles
524-460
523
Lunar Eclipse recorded in
Ptolemy's Canon and Strassmaier Cambyses 400 (cunieform tablet) - (7/16/523)
Cambyses II
...
(Persia)
(529-522)
King
(Achaemenid)
PC 22*
522
Egyptian Revolt against Persian
rule (522-520)
Darius begins reorganization
of the Persian empire
Cambyses II
-
(Persia)
(529-522)
King
(Achaemenid)
PC 22*
Darius I
+
(Persia)
(522-485)
King
(Achaemenid)
PC 23*
Seheribre Pedubast III + (Egypt
XXVII)
Pindar
522-438
521
Darius I rules Persia
Persia divided into 20
satrapies (e.g. Egypt)
Cambyses
-
PC
22*
Darius I
...
(Persia)
(522-485)
King
PC 23*
Ji Gui (Jing Wang)
-
(China)
Spring
and Autumn
520
Temple of Jerusalem
construction resumes (520-515)
Polycrates
-
(Samos)
Seheribre Pedubast III - (Egypt
XXVII)
Darius I
...
(Persia)
(522-485)
King
PC 23*
Ji Meng (Dao Wang)
+-
(China)
Spring
and Autumn
Cratinus
520-423
Panini
520-460
Indian Grammarian (Gandhara)
519
Darius I
...
(Persia)
(522-485)
King
PC 23*
Ji Gai (Jing Wang)
+
(China)
Spring
and Autumn
518
Darius I
...
(Persia)
(522-485)
King
PC 23*
517
Hipparchus
-
(Athens)
murdered
Darius I
...
(Persia)
(522-485)
King
PC 23*
516
Darius I
...
(Persia)
(522-485)
King
PC 23*
515
Darius I
...
(Persia)
(522-485)
King
PC 23*
514
Darius I
...
(Persia)
(522-485)
King
PC 23*
513
Persians under Darius cross
Hellespont and conquer Thrace
Darius I
...
(Persia)
(522-485)
King
PC 23*
512
Rededicated Temple in Jerusalem
Darius I
...
(Persia)
(522-485)
King
PC 23*
511
Darius I
...
(Persia)
(522-485)
King
PC 23*
510
Peisistratus family expelled
from Athens - aristocracy restored
Tarquiniua Superbus of Rome
overthrown in rebellion
Darius I
...
(Persia)
(522-485)
King
PC 23*
Tarquinius Superbus
-
(Rome)
(534-)
Hippias
-
(Athens)
Darius I
...
(Persia)
(522-485)
King
PC 23*
509
Roman republic founded (Early
Republic -264)
Tarquinius Superbus
"The Proud" expelled, flees to Etruscan territory (trad.)
Darius I
...
(Persia)
(522-485)
King
PC 23*
508
Cleisthenes overthrows
aristocracy and establishes democracy in Athens
Etruscan ruler Lars Porsena
attacks Rome - Horatius Cocles' defence of the bridge over the Tiber
Rome makes treaty with
Carthage
Cleisthenes
+
(Athens)
Darius I
...
(Persia)
(522-485)
King
PC 23*
507
Spartans under Cleomenes try to
restore aristocracy in Athens - Athenians reinstate Cleisthenes
Darius I
...
(Persia)
(522-485)
King
PC 23*
506
Darius I
...
(Persia)
(522-485)
King
PC 23*
505
Formation of Peloponnesian
League
Cleisthenes
-
(Athens)
Darius I
...
(Persia)
(522-485)
King
PC 23*
504
Darius I
...
(Persia)
(522-485)
King
PC 23*
503
Darius I
...
(Persia)
(522-485)
King
PC 23*
502
Darius I
...
(Persia)
(522-485)
King
PC 23*
501
Titus Larcius is chosen Rome's
first dictator to defend against the thirty Latin cities bent on
reinstating
Tarquin
Athenian army reorganized
according to tribe rather than wealth
Postumus Cominius
+-
(Rome)
(501) Consul
Titus Larcius
+-
(Rome)
(501) Consul
(1st Dictator)
Darius I
...
(Persia)
(522-485)
King
PC 23*
500
Odes (Pindar)
Hecataeus of Miletus writes
first geography
Establishment of early Roman
Republic
Bantu-speaking peoples
spread in East Africa
Beginning of Iron Age in
China
Servius Sulpicius
+-
(Rome)
(500) Consul
Manlius Tullius
+-
(Rome)
(500) Consul
Amyntas I
+
(Macedon)
Darius I
...
(Persia)
(522-485)
King
PC 23*
Anaxagoras of
Clazomemae
500-428
Mo Tzu
(Ti)
500-396
Phidias
500-435
599
589
579
569
559
549
539
529
519
509
598
588
578
568
558
548
538
528
518
508
597
587
577
567
557
547
537
527
517
507
596
586
576
566
556
546
536
526
516
506
595
585
575
565
555
545
535
525
515
505
594
584
574
564
554
544
534
524
514
504
593
583
573
563
553
543
533
523
513
503
592
582
572
562
552
542
532
522
512
502
591
581
571
561
551
541
531
521
511
501
590
580
570
560
550
540
530
520
510
500
600's
500's BCE
400's
History Timeline Index
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