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600
ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
Serbia established by emigrants from Carpathian Mountains
Huari and Tiahuanaco empires (-800)
Ostionoid expansion from western Puerto Rico toward Cuba and Jamaica (-1200)
Ali 600-661 Fourth Caliph
Gregorian Chant
601
ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
Recared - (Visigoth Kingdom) (586-)
Sisebut + (Visigoth Kingdom) (-612)
602
ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
The emperor Maurice is overthrown by the army - Phocas installed
Fall of the Lakhmids (Arab vassals of Sassanid Persia)
Aedan Mac Gabran (Dal Riata) (???-???)
Aethilfrith ... (Bernicia) (593-616) King
Ceowulf ... (Wessex) (597-611) King
Clotaire II ... (Neustria) (584-613) King
Brunhilda ... (Austrasia/Burgundy) ( ) Queen
Theudebert II ... (Austrasia) (595-612) King
Theuderic II ... (Burgundy) (587-613) King
Liuva II ... (Visigothic Kingdom) (601-603) King
Agilulf ... (Lombard Kingdom) (590-616) King
Maurice - (Byzantine Empire) (581-602)
Phocas + (Byzantine Empire) (602-610)
Khosrau II ... (Sassanian Empire) (590-610) King
Pulakesi ... (Chalukya Empire) (597-642) Child King
Mangalesa ... (Chalukya Empire) (596-610) Regent
Wen ... (Sui Dynasty China) (581-604)
Yeongyang ... (Koguryo Kingdom) (590-618) King
Jinpyeong ... (Silla Kingdom) (579-632) King
Mu-Wang ... (Baekje Kingdom) (600-641) King
Suiko ... (Asuka Japan) (593-628) Emperor
Ly Nam De II (Van Xuan) (571-602) King Posterior Hau Ly Nam De
603
ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
Battle of Degsastan - King of Bernicia defeats king of Dal Riada
604
ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
Gregory I The Great - (Patriarchate of Rome) (590-604)
Sabinian + (Patriarchate of Rome) (604-606)
Gregory the Great 540-604
605 ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
Grand Canal construction begins in China (-610) (-628)
Sassanids annex Levant and Egypt and push into Anatolia (-629)
606 ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
Harsha of Kanauj + (Gupta Empire) (-647)(-648) northern India
Sabinian - (Patriarchate of Rome) (604-)
Fatima 606-632 Daughter of Mohammed
607
ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
Boniface III +- (Patriarchate of Rome) ****
608
Kaaba construction in Mecca - main shrine in pagan Arabia
ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
Boniface IV + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-615)
609
ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
610
Grand Canal completed in China ?
ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
Phocas is overthrown by Heraclius
The Avars at the gates of Constantinople (-626)
Byzantine empire is reorganized as a set of military administrative districts (-626)
Vision of Muhammad
Persians overrun Asia Minor, Syria, and Egypt (-626)
Phocas - (Byzantine Empire) (602-)
Heraclius + (Byzantine Empire) (-641)
611
ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
Cynegils + (Wessex) (-643) King
612
ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
Irish monastery Bobbio founded in northern Italy
Korean campaigns (-614)
Sisebut - (Visigoth Kingdom) (601-)
Recared II + (Visigoth Kingdom) (-621)
Theodebert II - (Austrasia) (596-) (s. Childebert II)
Dagobert I 612-639 King of the Franks
613
ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
Clotaire II unites all Frankish lands as king of Neustria and Austrasia at the death of his cousin Theodoric II
Clotaire II puts Brunhilda to a horrible death - rack for three days then drawn and quartered
Visigothic persecutions if the Jews in Spain
Clotaire II + (United Frankish Kingdom) (-528)
Theodoric II - (Burgundy) (596-) (s. Childebert II)
Brunhilda 534-613 Queen (Frankish Kingdom)
614
ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
615 ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
Edict of Paris - Clotaire II grants charter grants a charter giving far-reaching privileges to nobles and clergy
Agilulf - (Lombard Kingdom) (591-)
Adaloald + (Lombard Kingdom) (-625)
Boniface IV - (Patriarchate of Rome) (608-)
Deusdedit (Adeodatus) + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-618)
Columbanus 585-615 Irish Missionary
616 ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
Battle of the River Idle - Raedwald, King of the East Angles defeats and kills King Aethelfrith of Bernicia
617
ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
SUI +
618
ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
TANG + (-907)
Sui Dynasty ends with murder of Yang Ti "The Shady"
Tang Dynasty begins with T'ai Tsu
Omar converted to Islam by this time
Yang Ti - (China) Sui "The Shady" (murdered)
T'ai Tsu (Li Yuan) + (Tang China) (-625) 1st Tang Emperor
Deusdedit (Adeodatus) - (Patriarchate of Rome) (615-)
619 ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
Boniface V + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-625)
620
ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
Vikings begin invading Ireland
621 ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
Recared II - (Visigoth Kingdom) (612-)
Swintilla + (Visigoth Kingdom) (-631)
622
Treatise on the Arts Isidore of Seville ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
The Hegira - Muhammed flees from Mecca to Yathrib (Medina) - Beginning of the Islamic Era (7/16)
1 Muharram - Mohammedan Era Begins (7/16)
Maximus the Confessor 580-622
623
Shaka Triad (Asuka Period - Japan) (Tori)
ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
Clotaire II sends his son Dagobert I to be king of Austrasia
Ingiald Illrada - (Sweden) (565-) Yngling
Olaf Traetelia + (Sweden) (-630) Yngling
Dagobert I + (Austrasia) (-639)
624
ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
Battle of Badr - Muslims defeat the Meccans (3/17) 17 ramadan (2 ah)
Muhammed marries Aisha
Buddhism becomes established religion of Japan
625
ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
Muhammad begins dictating the Koran
Persian attack on Constantinople fails
Adaloald - (Lombard Kingdom) (615-)
Arioald + (Lombard Kingdom) (-636)
T'ai Tsu (Li Yuan) - (Tang China) (618-) 1st Tang Emperor
Boniface V - (Patriarchate of Rome) (619-)
Honorius I + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-638)
Hasan 625-669 5th Caliph (s. Ali)
626
ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS ... (92B-627)
The Avars are destroyed outside Constantinople
Serbs and Croats settle in the Balkans
Heraclius I of Byzantine Empire expels Persians from Egypt
Husein 626-680 Moslem Saint (s. Ali)
627 ROMAN-PERSIAN WARS - (92B-627)
Second Battle of Nineveh - Heraclius decisively defeats Persians - ends Roman-Persian Wars (12/12) ---------------------------------------------------------------

Persians forced to withdraw from the Byzantine empire
Period of military conquest and patronage of arts and letters in Tang China
T’ai Tsung the Great + (Tang China) (-649) 2nd Tang Emperor (Li Shih Min)
628
Brahmasphuta Siddhanta (Brahmagupta)
Principality of Samo in Moravia (-658)
Clotaire II - (Nuestria) (584-)
Dagobert I + (Austrasia)(Aquitaine)(Neustria) (-639)
Pepin of Landen + (France) (-639) (Mayor of Palace)
Khosrau II Parvez - (Sassanian Empire) (591-) second reign
Kavadh II Shiruya +- (Sassanian Empire) ***** Siroes
Ardashir III + (Sassanian Empire) (-630)
629
Hsuan-tsang begins pilgrimage to scholarly centers in India (-645)
Khosro II (Parviz) - (Sassanian Empire) assassinated
Clotaire II -629 King of the Franks
630
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR + (630-717)
Muhammad captures Mecca and sets out the principles of Islam - Mecca becomes spiritual center of Islam
Chinese defeat Eastern Turks
Ardashir III - (Sassanian Empire) (628-)
Shahrvaras +- (Sassanian Empire) *****
Borandukht + (Sassanian Empire) (-631)
Olaf Traetelia - (Sweden) (623-) Yngling (exiled)
Ivar Vidfadme + (Denmark)(Sweden) (588-)(-647) Skioldung
631 FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Swintilla - (Visigoth Kingdom) (621-)
Sisenando + (Visigoth Kingdom) (-640)
Borandukht - (Sassanian Empire) (630-)
Ormizd V + (Sassanian Empire) (-632)
632
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
RIDDA WARS + (632-633)
Muhammad dies - small group of senior Companions nominate Abu Bakr to succeed (6/8)
Kubrat defeats the Avars and creats the confederation of Old Great Bulgaria
Abu Bakr + (1st Caliph) (-634) Muhammad's father-in-law
Ormizd V - (Sassanian Empire) (631-)
Yazdegerd III + (Sassanian Empire) (-651)
Fatima 606-632 Daughter of Mohammed
Muhammed 570-632 Prophet
633
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
RIDDA WARS - (632-633)
Mercians under Penda defeat Northumbrians
Council of Toledo
Arabs conquer Syria and Iraq (-637)
Penda + (Mercia Kingdom) (633-655) King
634 FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Beginning of Islamic Holy War against Persians
Muslim Arabs conquer Syria, Iraq, the southern provinces of Persia and the Byzantine empire
Abu Bakr appoints Umar to succees him
Abu Bakr dies
Abu Bakr - (1st Caliph) (632-)
Omar + (2nd Caliph) (-644)
Cuthbert 634-687 Monk/Bishop/Hermit Northumbria

635
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Muslims begin conquest of Syria (-641) and Persia (-642)
Arabs enter Damascus
636
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Battle of Yarmuk - first defeat of Byzantium - Heraclius abandons Syria to Arabs
Yazdegerd III Sassanian king yields Ctesiphon to Arabs
Arioald - (Lombard Kingdom) (625-)
Rotharis + (Lombard Kingdom) (-652)
637
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Battle of Qadisiya - Arabs conquer whole of Iraq
Arabs take Ctesiphon
638
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Muslims capture Jerusalem (637)
Honorius I - (Patriarchate of Rome) (625-)
639
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Dagobert I's premature death leads to a series of underage kings (les Rois Faineants)- Mayor's power increases
Muslim conquest of Egypt under Amr ibn al-Ass (-642)
Dagobert I - (France) (628-)
Pepin of Landen - (France) (628-) (Mayor of Palace)
Sigebert II + (France) (-656)
Clovis II + (France) (-657)
Dagobert I 612-639 King of the Franks
640
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Arabs conquer Persia (-643)
Cynegils of Wessex is baptized by Birinus - "first certain event in Wessex history"
Sisenando + (Visigoth Kingdom) (631-)
Tulga + (Visigoth Kingdom) (-642)
Olaf Traetelia - (Norway)
Halfdan Huitben + (Norway)
Severinus +- (Patriarchate of Rome) *****
John IV + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-642)
641
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Battle of Nihawand - Arabs versus Persians
Sassanians defeated at Nineveh?
Arabs conquer Byzantine Egypt
Christian Gospels have been translated into ten languages
Christian missionaries are working in China
Heraclius - (Byzantine Empire) (610-)
Constantine III +- (Byzantine Empire) *****
Heracleon +- (Byzantine Empire) *****
Constans II + (Byzantine Empire) (-668)
642
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Battle of Maserfield - Penda king of Mercia defeats and kills Oswald king of Bernicia (8/5)
--------------------------------------------------------
All of Egypt under Arab domination
Oswy + (Bernicia) (642-670)
Tulga - (Visigoth Kingdom) (640-)
Chindaswind + (Visigoth Kingdom) (-653)
John IV - (Patriarchate of Rome) (640-)
Theodore I + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-649) (11/24)
643
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Battle of Isfahan - Arabs under Umar finally break Persian power
Gupta king Harsha convenes Buddhist convocation at Kanauj attended by 20 kings and thousands of pilgrims
Cynegils - (Wessex) (611-) King
644
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Umar murdered by a foreign slave - Uthman succeeds him
Omar (Umar) - (Islamic Caliphate) (634-) 2nd Caliph (murdered)
Othman (Uthman) + (3rd Caliph) (-656) Omayyad
645 FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Byzantine forces recapture Alexandria whose people rise against the Arabs
The Taikwa Edict of Japan - nationalizes land and reorganizes the government
Period of imitation of Chinese way of life in Japan
646
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Arabs recapture Alexandria (645)
647
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Ivar Vidfadme - (Denmark)(Sweden) (588-)(630-) Skioldung
Harold Hildetand + (Denmark)(Sweden) (-735) Skioldung
Harsha of Kanauj - (Gupta Empire) (606-) northern India
648
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Pope Theodore excommunicates Paul II, Patriarch of Constantinople
649
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Lateran Synod
Arabs conquer Cyprus
T’ai Tsung the Great - (Tang China) (627-) 2nd Tang Emperor (Li Shih Min)
Theodore I - (Patriarchate of Rome) (642-)
Martin I + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-655)
650
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Rise of monasteries (-700)
Beginning of Babylonian Gaonate
Arab conquests in Asia and North Africa
Official version of the Koran established in the reign of Uthman
651
Forty-eight Buddhist Images - The Bodhisattva Canon (Japan) FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Yazdegerd III - last of the Sassanian kings - dies as a fugitive
Yazdegerd III - (Sassanian Empire) (632-)
652
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Rotharis - (Lombard Kingdom) (636-)
Aribert I + (Lombard Kingdom) (-661)
653
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Chindaswind - (Visigoth Kingdom) (642-)
Recceswinth + (Visigoth Kingdom) (-672)
654 FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Recceswinth imposes a common law on all his subjects
Eugene I + (Patriarchate of Rome)
655
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Battle of the Masts - Arabs defeat Byzantines off coast of Alexandria - First major Arab naval victory
Oswy, king of Northumbria defeats and kille Penda of Mercia
Penda - (Mercia Kingdom) (633-655) King
Martin I - (Patriarchate of Rome) (649-)
656
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Grimoald (Pepin of Landen's son) attempts to usurp the Frankish crown - he and his son perish as a result
Othman murdered in Medina by mob of malcontents - Ali succeeds him - first civil war in Islam
Chinese defeat Western Turks
Sigebert II - (France) (639-)
Othman - (3rd Caliph) (644-) Omayyad murdered
Ali + (4th Caliph)(1st Shiite Imam)
(-661) (s.i.l. & c. of Mohammed)
657 FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Battle of Siffin - arbitration between Ali and Mu'awiya; the Kharijites
Clovis II - (France) (639-)
Jayavarman I + (Khmer) (-681)
Eugene I - (Patriarchate of Rome) (654-657)
Vitalian + (Patriarchate of Rome) (657-672)
658
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Muawiya, governor of Syria, spreads his power to Egypt
Clotaire III + (France) (-670)
Willibrord 658-739 Anglo-Saxon Missionary / "Apostle of Frisia"
659
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
660
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Childeric II + (France) (-673)
Brahmagupta 598-660
661
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Ali murdered at Kufa by Kharijites - beginning of Shiite - Sunni split
Hasan succeeds his father Ali but abdicates in favor of Muawiya
Omayyad Dynasty in Islam founded by Muawiya with Damascus as the capital (-750)
Aribert I - (Lombard Kingdom) (652-)
Ali - (4th Caliph)(1st Shiite Imam) (656-) (s.i.l. & c. of Mohammed)
Hasan +- (5th Caliph)(2nd Shiite Imam) ***** abdicated
Muawiya + (Omayyid Caliphate) (-680) 1st Umayyad Caliph
Ali 600-661 Fourth Caliph (1st Shiite Imam)
662 FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Grimoald + (Lombard Kingdom) (-671)
663
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Japanese finally withdraw from Korea
664
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Synod of Whitby - Oswy abandons the Celtic Christan Church and accepts faith of Rome
Decline of the Celtic Church
665
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
666
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
667
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
668
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Pope Vitalian consecrates Greek monk Theodore of Tarsus as Archbishop of Cantebury
Korea reunites under the kingdom of Silla - Silla Period (-935)
Constans II - (Byzantine Empire) (641-)
Constantine IV + (Byzantine Empire) (-685) (Pogonatus)
Theodore of Tarsus + (Archbishopric of Cantebury)
669
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Theodore of Tarsus sent to England as Archbishop of Cantebury to reorganize the Church in England
Hasan 625-669 5th Caliph
670
Building of the Great Mosque of Qayrawan in Tunisia
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Hashemite sect (future Abbasid) expelled from Iraq
England Oswy - (Bernicia) (642-670)
Clotaire III - (France) (658-)
Thierry III + (France) (-691)
671
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
I-tsing (pilgrim) visits Srivijaya
Grimoald - (Lombard Kingdom) (661-)
Garibald + (Lombard Kingdom) (-674)
672
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Recceswinth - (Visigoth Kingdom) (653-)
Wamba + (Visigoth Kingdom) (-680)
Vitalian - (Patriarchate of Rome) (657-)
Adeodatus II + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-676)
673
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Arabs besiege Constantinople without success (-678)
Childeric II - (France) (660-)
Dagobert II + (France) (-679)
Bede 673-735 Monk/Historian (Jarrow Monastery)
674
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Arab conquest reaches Indus
Garibald - (Lombard Kingdom) (671-)
Bertharit + (Lombard Kingdom) (-688)
675
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Bulgars begin settling south of the the Danube
John of Damascus 675-749 Syrian Doctor & Father of the Church
676
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Adeodatus II - (Patriarchate of Rome) (672-)
Donus + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-678)
677
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Muslims withdraw from Constantinople
678
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Ebroin - mayor in Neustria - unites the mayoralties under one house
Ebroin + (Mayor of the Franks) (-681)
Donus - (Patriarchate of Rome) (676-)
Agatho + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-681)
Ayesha -678 Wife of Mohammed (d. of Abu Bakr)
679
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
Bulgars cross the Danube
Constanstine IV’s army defeated by Bulgars; cedes territory s. of Danube
First Bulgarian Kingdom (680-1018)
Dagobert II - (France) (673-)
680
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS + (680-1355)
Battle of Karbala - massacre of Husayn and Alids (Ashoura - Shiite High Holiday) (10/10) (10 Muharram 61)
--------------------------------------------------------
Arab civil war
Death of Mu'awiya - his son Yazid succeeds him
Third Council of Constantinople - monotheletism condemned
Wamba - (Visigoth Kingdom) (672-)
Euric + (Visigoth Kingdom) (-687)
Pepin II of Herstal + (France) (-714) (Mayor of the Palace)
Muawiya - (Omayyid Caliphate) (661-) 1st Umayyad Caliph (s. Abu Sufyan)
Yazid I + (Omayyid Caliphate) (-683) 2nd Umayyad Caliph (s.Mu'awiya)
Husein 626-680 Moslem Saint (s. Ali)
Muawiya -680 First Omayyad Caliph (Mecca)
681
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ... (680-1355)
Ebroin - mayor of the Franks - is murdered
First Bulgarian Empire founded (-1018)
Ebroin + (Mayor of the Franks) (-681)
Jayavarman I - (Khmer)
Agatho - (Patriarchate of Rome) (678-)
Leo II + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-683)
682
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ... (680-1355)
683
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ... (680-1355)
Yazid I - (Omayyid Caliphate) (680-) 2nd Umayyad Caliph (s.Mu'awiya)
Muawiya II + (Omayyid Caliphate) (-684) 3rd Umayyad Caliph
Leo II - (Patriarchate of Rome) (681-)
684
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ... (680-1355)
Muawiya II - (Omayyid Caliphate) (683-) 3rd Umayyad Caliph
Marwan I + (Omayyid Caliphate) (-685) 4th Umayyad Caliph ibn al-Hakam
Benedict II + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-685)
685 FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ... (680-1355)
Abdalmalik sets up new administration in the Arab empire
Shi'ite revolt in Iraq - beginning of Shi'ite extremism (-687)
Constantine IV - (Byzantine Empire) (668-) (Pogonatus)
Justinian II + (Byzantine Empire) (-695) (Rhinometus)
Marwan I - (Omayyid Caliphate) (684-) 4th Umayyad Caliph ibn al-Hakam
'Abd al-Malik + (Omayyid Caliphate) (-705) 5th Umayyad Caliph
Benedict II - (Patriarchate of Rome) (684-)
John V + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-686)
686
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ... (680-1355)
John V - (Patriarchate of Rome) (685-)
Conon + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-687)
687
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ... (680-1355)
Battle of Tertry - Pepin II Heristal defeats Neustrian king and unites Frankish Kingdom (Austrasia / Neustria)
Euric - (Visigoth Kingdom) (680-)
Ergica + (Visigoth Kingdom) (-702)
Conon - (Patriarchate of Rome) (686-)
Theodore (antipope) +- *****
Paschal (antipope) +- *****
Sergius I + (Patriarchate of Rome) (-701)
Cuthbert 634-687 Monk/Bishop/Hermit Northumbria 3/20

688
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ... (680-1355)
Bertharit - (Lombard Kingdom) (674-)
Cunibert + (Lombard Kingdom) (-700)
Charles Martel 688-741 Carolingian King
690
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ... (680-1355)
Empress Wu + (China) (-705)
691
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ... (680-1355)
Dome of the Rock construction in Jerusalem by Abd al-Malik
Thierry III - (France) (670-)
Clovis III + (France) (-695)
692
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ... (680-1355)
Ummayads capture Mecca
693
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ... (680-1355)
694
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ... (680-1355)
695
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ... (680-1355)
Justinian II - (Byzantine Empire) (685-) (Rhinometus)
Leontius + (Byzantine Empire) (-698)
Clovis III - (France) (691-)
Childebert III + (France) (-711)
696
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ... (680-1355)
Arab coinage is introduced by Abd al-Malik
Arabic becomes the official administrative language in the empire
697
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ... (680-1355)
Arabs destroy Carthage (687)
698
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ... (680-1355)
Leontius - (Byzantine Empire) (695-)
Tiberius III + (Byzantine Empire) (-705) Apsimar
699
FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ... (630-717)
BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ... (680-1355)


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